The structure of the population is usually understood as the distribution of individuals into certain typological groups identified on various grounds.

In my work, I will be most interested in structures that are closely related to the reproduction of the population, and in connection with this I examined the gender, age, marriage and ethnic structure of the population of the Krasnodar Territory.

First of all, we will consider the gender and age structure of the population (distribution of men into men and women) of the Krasnodar Territory, based on population data from the official EMISS website.

For more convenient data analysis, let's present them in the form of a table that displays the percentage of men and women in the total population. The table data shows that at the age of 0 to 24 years the male population predominates, and during the period from 2006 to 2011. There was a steady increase in this indicator. The population aged 25 to 34 in the male/female ratio is approximately the same, and this trend is also stable throughout the period from 2006 to 2011. But starting from the age of 30, the predominance of the female population begins, which can be traced across all age groups and throughout the entire period under review. It should be noted that among older people (starting from 60 years of age), the gap between the male and female population becomes extremely significant. For example, in 2011, the percentage of women/men is: at the age of 60-64 years - 57.38% against 42.62%, at the age of 65-69 years - 61.8% against 38.2%, at the age of 70-74 years - 64.7% versus 35.3%, aged 75-79 years - 66.4% versus 33.6%, aged 80-84 years - 71.3% versus 28.7%, aged 85-89 years - 78.3% versus 21.7%, aged 90-94 years - 79.1% versus 20.9%, aged 95-99 years - 82.5% versus 17.5%, aged 100 years and older - 78.6% versus 21.4%.

The age-sex pyramid clearly shows that in the near future, changes in the age composition of the population will be unfavorable. The rate of decline in the working-age population will increase, and the process of demographic aging of the population will intensify. The reduction in the number of women aged 20-29 years (the most active reproductive age), expected from 2012, will lead to a decrease in the number of births.

Sex ratio is associated with high premature mortality among men and negatively affects population reproduction rates.

According to Rosstat forecasts (for 2010), changes in the population size by individual age groups will continue to be influenced by past and future trends in fertility and mortality

The region ranks 41st in terms of the share of the population of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the total population of Russia and 9th in terms of population density (region - 69.3, Russian Federation - 8.4 people per 1 sq. km).

The age composition of the region's population is characterized by a significant gender imbalance. The ratio of men to women is: 46.4% and 53.6%, respectively, for every 1000 men there are 1157 women.

The average age of residents of the region is now 39.6 years (in 2007 - 39.1 years), men - 37.1 years (36.6), women - 41.7 years (41.3). The age level of the region's residents is higher than in the Russian Federation (39 years) and in the Southern Federal District (39.5 years).

The number of children and adolescents under 16 years of age (younger than working age) is 389.8 thousand people less than those over working age or 31.3% (in 2010 - 367.6 thousand people).

The working age population compared to the beginning of 2006. increased by 10.1 thousand people (0.3%) and amounted to by the end of 2011. 3 million 124.4 thousand people.

A feature of the demographic development of the Krasnodar Territory is a higher demographic burden on the working-age population than the Russian average (by 5.0%) due to the higher proportion of the population over working age. At the beginning of 2011, in the region, the total burden on the working population increased by 2.9% and amounted to 673 people per 1000 people of working age (2010 - 654), of which 274 people were children 0-15 years old and 399 were elderly age (men - 60 years and older, women - 55 years and older).

Table 3 - Ethnic composition of the population

Nationality	Number of people, people	% of total number	Number data for the Russian Federation	% of the total number for the Russian Federation
Ukrainians
Belarusians
Adyghe people
Persons who did not indicate nationality
Azerbaijanis
Moldovans
Assyrians

Based on the data in Table 3, it can be seen that the bulk of the population is represented by the Russian population and makes up 86.56% of the total population (according to the 2010 census). The share of the Russian population of the entire Russian Federation is 79.83%. Among other nationalities, the most significant are Armenians (5.36%) and Ukrainians (2.57%).

Another important sign of structuring is the number of marriages and divorces.

Table 4 - Marriage structure of the population of the Krasnodar Territory

The table clearly shows that the number of marriages is significantly higher than the number of divorces, and accordingly, the number of marriages per 1000 population dominates the number of divorces per 1000 population. For example, the number of divorces per 1000 population during the entire period 2006-2012. remains on average within 4.6 ppm. According to Rosstat, for the Russian Federation this indicator is 522 divorces on average per 1000 marriages.

At the same time, it is positive that the number of marriages per 1000 population for the period 2006-2012. increased significantly from 8 to 8.6 ppm, and in 2011. amounted to 9.6 ppm, which is the maximum value for the period under consideration.

A unique region of our country. It is located at the junction of climatic zones, historical civilizations and national cultures. It is about the peoples and traditions of the region that will be discussed further.

Demographic information

About 5 million 300 thousand people live in the Krasnodar Territory. Almost all the peoples of Russia live here: Tatars, Chuvash, Bashkirs, etc. Of these, 5 million 200 thousand people are citizens of the Russian Federation. 12.6 thousand live as foreigners. With dual citizenship - 2.9 thousand. Persons without any citizenship - 11.5 thousand people.

The number of residents is constantly growing. The influx of migrants contributes to this. Housing in the region is in great demand. People move here for permanent residence. This is due to the mild climate of the region.

There are 26 cities, 13 large towns and 1,725 ​​other small rural settlements in the region. The ratio is urban and approximately 52 to 48 percent. Almost 34% of the urban population lives in four large cities: Sochi and Armavir.

Alloy of different nations

The peoples living in the Krasnodar region are about 150 nationalities. The main ethnic groups inhabiting Kuban:

• Russians - 86.5%.
• Armenians - 5.4%.
• Ukrainians - 1.6%.
• Tatars - 0.5%.
• Others - 6%.

The bulk of the population, as can be seen from the list, are Russians. Smaller ethnic groups live compactly in small areas. These are, for example, Greeks, Tatars, Armenians. In the Krasnodar Territory they mainly live on the coast and surrounding areas.

Kuban Cossacks

The historical class of Cossacks today is engaged in preparing future conscripts for the army, military-patriotic education of youth, protecting important objects in the region, and maintaining public order. All the peoples of the Krasnodar region can no longer imagine life without them, because... their role is enormous in maintaining order in the region.

The uniqueness of the Kuban land

The traditions of the peoples of the Krasnodar region are very unique. Everyone who considers himself a Cossack must comply with long-standing traditions and instructions of experienced people faithful to the cause of their ancestors. Of course, it is difficult to list all the cultural features of Kuban. There are a lot of traditions and customs here. And they are all distinguished by rationality and beauty. But we will try to tell you about the most interesting ones.

Construction and improvement of houses

For Cossacks, building a home is one of the most important events in life. Almost the entire world helped each family build a house.

This, as the Kuban Cossacks believed, binds the people into a single whole, which means it makes them stronger. Tourist houses were built according to this principle.

Before construction began, scraps of dog, sheep, chicken feathers, etc. were thrown around the perimeter of the future housing area. This was done so that there would be livestock in the house.

Then the pillars were dug into the ground and intertwined with vines. When the frame was ready, they called all their friends and neighbors to be the first to make a “mud” at home.

The walls were covered with clay mixed with straw. A cross was driven into the corner of the “front” to bless the house and its inhabitants. They smeared the housing in 3 layers, the last of which was mixed with manure.

Such houses were considered the warmest and “kindest” not only in terms of the quality of the structure, but also due to the positive energy of the people who helped build them. After the construction was completed, the owners organized gatherings with refreshments. This was a kind of gratitude for help, in exchange for modern cash payment.

The interior decoration was almost the same for all residents of Kuban. There were two rooms in the house. There was a stove in the small one. Wooden benches almost the entire length of the room and a huge table. This spoke of large families and hospitality. The large room contained chests, a chest of drawers and other furniture. As a rule, it was made to order. The main place in the house was the red corner - a table or shelf, lined with icons and decorated with towels and paper flowers. Candles, prayer books, Easter dishes, and memorial books were kept here.

Towels are a traditional Kuban home decoration. A piece of fabric tied with lace, with a cross stitch or satin stitch pattern.

The traditions of the peoples of the Krasnodar region go deep into antiquity. They honor their ancestors and try to instill culture and traditions in their children. A very popular part of the Kuban interior is photographs on the walls. It was considered that the photo depicted important events in the life of the family.

Cossack clothing

The men's wardrobe consisted of military and casual suits. Military uniform - dark Circassian coat, trousers of the same cloth, hood, beshmet, hat, winter cloak and boots.

Women's clothing consisted primarily of a calico or wool skirt, gathered at the waist for fullness, and a long-sleeved blouse with buttons, trimmed with hand-lace. The importance of clothing among the Cossacks was of great importance. It was believed that the more beautiful the clothing, the more clearly it indicated status in society.

Kitchen

The peoples of the Krasnodar region are a multinational community, so the dishes of Kuban cuisine are very diverse. The main diet of the Cossacks is fish, fruits, vegetables, and livestock products. The most popular dish is borscht, to which beans, lard, meat, and sauerkraut were added. Also favorite dishes were dumplings and dumplings.

They eat much more meat in Kuban than in any other region of Russia. People in Kuban also love lard, which is eaten both salted and fried. In the past, food was traditionally cooked in ovens using cast iron cookware.

Crafts of Kuban residents

The peoples of the Krasnodar region were famous for their artisans. They worked with wood, clay, stone and metal. Each region had its own famous potters, who provided the entire people with dishes. Every seventh man worked in the forge. This is the most ancient Cossack art. Kuznetsov was appreciated and praised. They knew how to make edged weapons, household utensils, shoe horses and much more.

Women's craft was weaving. Girls were taught this handicraft from childhood.

Weaving provided the people with clothing and home decorations.

Linens were made from hemp and sheep's wool. Machines and spinning wheels were mandatory items in every home. Women had to be able to work for them.

Peoples of the Krasnodar Territory: life

Families in Kuban were large. This was explained by a huge shortage of workers. From 18 to 38 years of age, every man was considered liable for military service. He served a 4-year military service and was required to attend all training camps, have a horse and full uniform.

Women took care of children and the elderly and did household chores. Each family had more than 5 children. In large ones, their number reached up to 15. For each child born, they were given land, which made it possible to have a good farm and feed the whole family. Children were introduced to work very early. At the age of 5-7 they were already helping in all matters that were within their power.

Language

They speak mainly a mixture of Russian and Ukrainian. In oral speech there are many words borrowed from the highlanders. The speech is original and interesting. Many proverbs and sayings are used in communication.

Names of the peoples of the Krasnodar region

This part of Russia is so multinational that it can easily be called the land of united nations. Whom you will meet here! Thanks to its ethnic diversity, the culture of this region is multifaceted and interesting.

In the Krasnodar region live both the traditional peoples of Russia (Tatars, Mordvins, Mari, Chuvash, Ossetians, Circassians, Lezgins, Kumyks, Adygeans, Avars, Dargins, Udmurts), and representatives of nations of other states. These are Armenians, Ukrainians, Georgians, Belarusians, Kazakhs, Greeks, Germans, Poles, Uzbeks, Moldovans, Lithuanians, Finns, Romanians, Koreans, Tajiks, Turkmens, Estonians.

In fairness, it should be noted that the village of Kanevskaya (emphasis on the penultimate syllable), which is located halfway between Rostov-on-Don and Krasnodar, is still only the 2nd largest village in Russia, and its population is “only” 45 thousand people .

But there are a number of caveats:
1. The largest village in the Russian Federation - the village of Ordzhonikidzevskaya (formerly Sleptsovskaya) with a population of 60 thousand people - is located in Ingushetia, that is, out of reach.
2. Kanevskaya has a “suburb” - the village of Staroderevyankovskaya, and their total population is approaching the same 60 thousand.
3. Ordzhonikidzevskaya has merged with other villages of lowland Ingushetia, and are part of the agglomeration, while Kanevskaya is completely separate.
4. Kanevskaya has many “metropolitan” features: the huge Intercession Cathedral and the Sports Palace, several business centers and even its own VDNKh.
Kanevskaya is located very advantageously: 180 km south of Rostov-on-Don and 120 km north of Krasnodar, on the railway and federal highway. This situation, as well as very successful agriculture (the local grain harvests are considered one of the highest in Russia), became the reason for the enormous size of Kanevskaya. I don’t know exactly when it reached such proportions, but the village was founded in 1794 - among the first 40 villages that arose after Taman (1792) and Ekaterinodar (1793). Although the village is reachable from Moscow without transfers, only unbranded trains stop there - for example, the poor No. 420 Moscow - Anapa.
Having got off the platform at 4 o'clock in the morning, I waited for dawn and went on foot to the center of the village. It takes about half an hour to walk from the station to the main square, and that’s not even half the length of Kanevskaya. The village has internal transport and signs. But at 6 am it was empty here, and only the crowing of roosters, of which there were probably tens of thousands in the village, came in powerful waves.
This is what Lenin Square, the center of the village, looks like:


Tiles, a capital administration building - it’s hard to believe that you are in a village. Opposite the administration there is a park with blooming southern trees, a cinema and a cultural center.
On the right (if you stand with your back to the administration) there will be three schools:








Keep in mind that in the Russian South photo paranoia is much higher than anywhere else, and people react especially nervously to photographing schools. I photographed carefully, and also early in the morning, while schools were still closed. But I’ve heard a lot of stories about how a person ended up in a police department for such a shot.
In the courtyard of the last school (actually the closest to the square) there is the Bugreevs’ house (at least that’s what it’s called on Wikipedia) - a family Cossack kuren of the late 18th - early 19th centuries. I photographed him with the kind permission of the security guard.

The Kuban Cossacks lived quite poorly in those years. As you know, the Kuban people are actually the Cossacks: after the defeat of the Zaporozhye Sich by Catherine, the latter lived for about 20 years under the Turks in the Transdanubian Sich, and then, at the invitation of the same Catherine, they returned to Russia, to the new border that ran along the Kuban. Until the 1860s (the end of the Caucasian War), the Kuban Cossacks led a paramilitary lifestyle, and did not have the opportunity to acquire a strong economy (unlike the Don Cossacks). Therefore, the kuren looks poorer than the peasant huts of Central Russia.


The school also uses the Bugreevs' house as a utility room - and therefore it does not look like a museum exhibit. There is a complete feeling that Cossacks really live here.

If you go left from the district administration, you will come to an even more amazing place: VDNKh.
Its buildings surround a public garden where the Victory Memorial is located:


They were built under Stalin, in imitation of the Moscow Exhibition of Economic Achievements, but only on a regional scale. After all, at the All-Russian Exhibition Center there is a whole group of agricultural pavilions - a similar function was performed by the pavilions of the Kanevsky VDNKh. Nowadays they are occupied by shops.














If you go in the direction where the schools are located, a little further, you will come out in the huge building of the Sports Palace - I remind you once again that this is in the village!


A little further behind this building is the Intercession Cathedral, built in the 1840s, one of the most beautiful in Kuban:


In the distance, behind the cathedral, the Kanevskaya radio mast is visible - the highest in the Southern Federal District (420 meters), the undisputed dominant of the surrounding area, especially spectacular in the dark:

The village itself is huge: its houses and streets stretch somewhere into infinity, it really has “no end in sight.” In the center of the village there are city district houses:


And very large new models:


Near the latter there is an interesting fountain-monument to the 200th anniversary of the village:


And here are the streets and views of the “outskirts” of Kanevskaya - huts, cottages, fences, trees, flowers:








From the photographs you may get the impression that people live here in poverty, but this is not the case: I specifically photographed the poorest huts, since they are the most authentic. I had to look for them among the numerous cottages. There are also huts here that are very similar to the Bugreevs’ house. But I took photographs here carefully - you never know how the residents will react.
Some houses are decorated with beautiful wrought iron gutters:

A separate topic is the flora and fauna of Kanevskaya. The richness of the nature of the Russian South is very well felt here. As elsewhere in the south, there is a lot of acacia; this tree was brought here by the Cossacks, and they grew acacia specifically for firewood: it grows quickly, burns hot, and one mature tree was enough to light the stove all winter (luckily, winter here is short). But over time, the “wood tree” turned into a landscape decoration.
In addition to acacia, there are also southern conifers - thuja, yew, and large trees like elms. The vegetation forms dense arches over the streets:






Flowers. However, now there are few flowers in the south - they bloomed there earlier:


...and the question probably arises: why is this not a city?
The answer is more than banal, and in this case “de facto” and “de jure” coincide. A city or urban-type settlement in Russia is considered a settlement in which no more than 30% of the inhabitants are employed in agriculture. In Kanevskaya, it seems, all 90% are engaged in agriculture. There is no industry at all in the village (except perhaps the processing of local raw materials), vegetable gardens are located even in the courtyards of five-story buildings, and in the morning many residents go to work with agricultural tools in their hands.
Well, besides, we should not forget that “stanitsa” and “village” are not at all the same thing. After all, the Cossacks had a completely different hierarchy of settlements than the Russians. Stanitsas were essentially Cossack cities, Cossack villages were called hamlets and kurens, and the Cossacks had only one “city” in each army: Cherkassk for the Don, Ekaterinodar for the Kuban, Uralsk for the Ural, Omsk for the Siberian, etc.

Overview of villages and settlements of Kuban.

"Tizdar", "Hephaestus", the Golubitsky mud volcano, which periodically erupts directly from the Sea of ​​Azov, the Golubitsky salt lake - the main treasures of the village of Golubitskaya, which give tourists health, and more and more of which come here every year.




Today Leningradskaya is a completely modern and well-maintained village. By the way, until 1934 it had a different name - Umanskaya. The second largest rural settlement in Russia.







One of the villages of Kuban with the advantage that it is located at the same time, as local residents and visiting holidaymakers say, at the “three” seas - the Black, as well as the Vityazevsky and Kiziltashsky estuaries. Among themselves, residents simply call it Blagoveshchenka.













The soul of the Russian people is broad, not devoid of romance and human warmth. Hence the amazing name of the rural settlement - Otradnoe! From the words - “joy”, “grace”, “beautiful place”. And this applies not only to the village itself. It is both the administrative center of a settlement and a district with 57 settlements, including fourteen rural ones.




Today, almost forty-four and a half thousand people live in one of the largest rural settlements of both Kuban itself and Russia. The village of Kanevskaya borders on the Shcherbinovsky, Starominsky, Primorsko-Akhtarsky, Yeisk districts. As we already mentioned, Yeysk is 120 kilometers away.




The village of Tbilisskaya is the administrative center of both the rural settlement itself and the district of the same name, located on the right bank of the main river of the Kuban region, about a hundred kilometers northeast of its capital Krasnodar.




Officially, Elizavetinskaya was formed on August 10, 1822 in accordance with the Decree of Alexander the First. By the way, it turned out to be not the only one. After the conclusion of the Peace of Jassy after three wars between Russia and Turkey, the conquered lands had to be defended.




The village is the administrative center of the most rural settlement and district of the same name; its convenient location is on the banks of the Eya River at the confluence of the Kugo-Eya tributary.










The village of Novopokrovskaya is located in the steppe zone of the Krasnodar Territory and specifically in the upper reaches of the Eya River at the confluence of the Korsun stream. It is closest to Tikhoretsk - 47 kilometers. And further to Krasnodar - 205 kilometers.







The village of Ivanovskaya is one of more than two hundred Kuban and one of the forty formed on the lands of the region at the behest of the Russian Empress Catherine the Great to protect the southern borders of the Fatherland from the adversary.




The bulk of the villages, of course, fell on five large resort areas - Greater Sochi, Tuapse, Gelendzhik, Anapa, and the Taman Peninsula. It is the named zones that are coastal. And it is in them that the seaside villages are located.




The village of Natukhaevskaya is located twenty-four kilometers from Novorossiysk. And nineteen kilometers from the All-Russian health resort for family and children's recreation in the resort city of Anapa.

Stanitsa is one of the main administrative units of Kuban

As a preamble - the meaning of the word "stanitsa". In explanatory dictionaries it is described as a large Cossack settlement. At the same time, it is especially emphasized that a squadron is capable of fielding a hundred combat horsemen. Under Russian emperors and empresses, villages were military outposts that could stand up for the Fatherland and repel enemy attacks and protect state borders. It was a turbulent time of both Russian-Turkish wars and raids on our posts by warlike tribes of the Greater Caucasus.

That is why in some regions of Russia there are still villages, for example, in Dagestan, Chechnya, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay-Cherkessia, North Ossetia, and even more so, as they say, God himself commanded, in the Rostov region and on. On the one hand, as an echo of the heroic national history, on the other, as a fact of the revival of the Cossacks today, who experienced persecution and oppression after the October Revolution.

This is how it really is. Now, according to official statistics, there are 26 cities, 12 urban-type settlements, 411 rural steppe districts. And in general there are 1,726 rural settlements, of which 11 are abandoned. With a population of five million and more than 125 thousand people in Kuban. At the same time, with urban - two million eight hundred thousand and rural a little less - almost two million four hundred thousand. Many of today's cities were villages in the recent past. In total, in the Krasnodar region at present there are more than two hundred villages. So compare their number with the number of cities and urban-type settlements!? It turns out that our village is one of the main administrative units. And it is not at all rare that the population of villages exceeds the number of residents of the same small towns or urban-type settlements. The largest of them in the region in Kanevskaya and Leningradskaya, respectively, have more than 44 and 36 thousand inhabitants. It should be noted that the period of appearance of the first villages in the Kuban dates back to 1780. And especially by 1783, when Catherine the Great issued a Decree on the inclusion of the lands of the Coastal Kuban and the Taman Peninsula (formerly Tmutarakan) into the Russian Empire. This is where the Cossack army was needed, which, along with our regular army, defended the borders of the Fatherland from all kinds of adversaries.

Primorsky villages

It is quite clear that the tourism industry in the region is mainly based on the recreation and treatment of compatriots and foreign tourists off the coast of the Black and Azov Seas. And our capabilities in this regard are significant. More than fifteen million of them come to us every year. And many at the same time put a roof over their heads in our seaside villages, the number of which in five resort areas is quite large: Blagoveshchenskaya, Dolzhanskaya, Taman, Kamyshevatskaya, etc. Let us highlight two of them as an example - one on the Black Sea, the other on the Azov Sea.

Stanitsa Blagoveshchenskaya

It is convenient to get to it both from and from. The region has excellent highways. What is it like to travel thirty kilometers along them from the resort for family and children's recreation and treatment, which is Anapa?! Moreover, there are comfortable buses, minibuses, taxis, and you can also use your own personal transport. About half an hour and you are in Blagoveshchenskaya. Three thousand population. The holiday season is from May to October. The settlement is also called the village of three seas. On one side, the Black Sea splashes along its shores and with its excellent sandy beaches, on the other two - the Vityazevsky and Kiziltashsky estuaries with medicinal silt deposits and waters saturated with iodine, bromine, calcium, and other salts beneficial to health. You won’t be left without a roof over your head: there are hotels, guest houses and mini-hotels and the private sector. You can easily settle down in a tent city. especially popular among tourists - extreme sports enthusiasts. They fly and come here from all over the world, including Europe. And their first hobby is diving. First of all, at the Mary Magdalene jar. This is a large rocky sandbank for about a kilometer and a half. A little more than three kilometers from the seashore. And rest at the bottom of the sea. There are several diving clubs in the village. So experienced instructors will accompany you in the underwater world. The sunken ship and plane will leave a thrilling impression on you. No less so are the inhabitants of the depths. By the way, the water here is clear, visibility is 5-20 meters, depth from two and a half to nine or more meters. Graceful stingrays, white and blue majestic jellyfish can swim past you, and there’s no need to talk about schools of fish. Quite often they are accompanied by dolphins who are very friendly towards humans, with whom they can play. If you're lucky, you'll find an artifact at the bottom of the sea in the form of an ancient coin or even an antique amphora. There is also a Rocky Ridge near Blagoveshchenskaya in the sea, just three kilometers from the coast with a complex and bizarre underwater terrain. Or the Stone Ridge with a cavern (through cave) fifteen meters long and at a depth of 16 meters. Here you can see Turkish anchors. As for entertainment on the shore, there are quite a lot of them. We sunbathed, swam, did extreme sports on the same Magdalena Bank, now you can go to a cafe for a disco or karaoke, a restaurant, or just take a walk along the coast, admire the sunset, and then the bright stars in the sky. Rest, as they say, for both body and soul!

Stanitsa Golubitskaya

There are two warm seas in the Krasnodar region - the Black and Azov. comfortably located on the Azov coast. On the isthmus separating the Akhtanizovsky Estuary from the Temryuk Bay. The village is divided into two parts - upper and lower. The latter is closer to the sea. One of the main local attractions is Golubitskoe Lake with healing mud. It has been known since the time of Catherine the Great. There was a royal hospital nearby. There has been a farm here since 1879. Since 1917 it became a village. So about the lake. In the mud, and its two layers: dark gray and black, the latter closer to the surface, there are trace elements such as hydrogen sulfide, iodine, bromine, etc. They have a beneficial effect on human health. He dived into the lake, took out black mud, smeared himself with it from head to toe, wandered along the shore or went to the Central Beach, just a hundred meters away, and washed himself in the Sea of ​​Azov. A few days of treatments, and your skin will become velvety and silky, like a baby’s. Her pain will disappear. This is a kind of cosmetic peeling. On the Taman Peninsula, where the village of Golubitskaya is located, there are more than three dozen mud volcanoes. Three of them are the most famous and are located nearby. The first one is next door to. It hits periodically directly from the depths of the sea. Sometimes, to a height of up to fifty meters, forming an island in the water that can last for several months. Expanse for tourists who wish to improve their musculoskeletal system, get rid of radiculitis or rheumatism, skin diseases. The procedure takes about fifteen minutes - covered in mud from head to toe. And then he swam right there in the sea and washed it away. In a few days, not only will your skin look younger and gain elasticity and firmness, but your entire body and soul will seem to have been reborn! And the mood improved, and the burden of years was thrown off, and the nervous system strengthened, and with it the immune system. The Tizdar mud volcano, which is ten kilometers from Golubitskaya and has a crater twenty meters in diameter with mud saturated with iodine, magnesium, bromine, strontium, chlorine, zinc, lithium and other microelements useful for promoting health, gives approximately the same effect. The third volcano "Hephaestus" is also called "rotten mountain". In the sixties of the nineteenth century it had a military hospital. It helped with ailments of the musculoskeletal system, wounds healed well, sciatica and rheumatism were treated, and all health returned to normal. This is, so to speak, about mud therapy. In the vicinity of Golubitskaya there are 1,600 hectares of grape plantations, and grape therapy and treatment with wine from sunny berries are successfully used here - a healing method recognized by the International Association of Balneology, which, for example, gives the palm in this regard to Anapa among two dozen similar resorts in Europe precisely for its skillful combination in treating people with the sea, sea air, mineral waters and grape therapy. As for mineral waters, they are also available here. Golubitskaya is famous for its excellent fishing. This is the richest body of water in the world in terms of the number of underwater inhabitants. There is seven times more fish in it than in the Caspian Sea, forty times more than in the Black Sea and one hundred and sixteen times (!) more than in the Mediterranean. Golubitskaya has the largest water park on the entire Azov coast, nearby is the world-famous man-made Lotus Valley in the desalinated Akhtanizovsky estuary. Guests from distant India bloom in July-August. The diameter of the flowers is 12-15 centimeters. Whisper the name of your loved one into the bud, and he will not part with you for the rest of his life. The blossoming bud will fulfill your other cherished desires!

Villages on the plain

Although they are located at some distance from the seas, they are no less famous. Sometimes they are surprised - Anapa is not a big resort city. Even taking into account its resort villages - Bolshoi and Maly Utrish, etc., more than four million tourists from Russia and near and far abroad vacation here every year. And go to any big or small store, to any market - I don’t want to take food! And from meat, and from fish, and vegetables and fruits - everything is in abundance. Thanks to the villages located on the flat part of the Krasnodar Territory. Kanevskaya was founded in 1794. Actually, it united two settlements - Kanevskaya itself and the village of Staroderevenskaya. More than 60 thousand population. Eighty percent of Ukrainians who categorically consider themselves Russian, although they babble in the Kuban dialect interspersed with Ukrainianisms. Kanevskaya is a major supplier of livestock and other agricultural products. Almost all of our resorts have its specialized “Gourmet” stores, the wide range of which is simply amazing - sausages, fresh meat and meat products, milk, cheeses, pickles and even white and rye bread. There are always a lot of visitors in branded stores. In Kanevskaya there is the only Ice Palace in the south of Russia. It has its own zoo. Palace of Sports. Its radio mast is 420 meters high! The Intercession Cathedral attracts the attention of parishioners. People in the region have heard well about the villages of Leningradskaya, Starominskaya, and others. Each of them has its own mentality, its own rituals and customs and, of course, its own attractions, achievements in the economy, social and cultural life.

Ski resort "Rosa Khutor"

The now world-famous ski resort "Rosa Khutor" is also a former village, a stanitsa. The origin story of its name is amazing! Many associate it with one of the most beautiful flowers on Earth - the rose. But this is not true at all. The year was 1861. It was hard for the people of Estonia to survive. And so 73 families went in search of a better life. The roads led them to the Caucasus, to a place with the romantic name Krasnaya Polyana. One of the settlers was named Adula Rosa. This is where the current name comes from. True, at first it was Roosa - Khutor. Then it was shortened to Rosa Khutor. And now it is thundering all over the world because of the past Winter Olympic Games in, many of the sports facilities of which were built not only in the Olympic Park on the seashore, but also in Rosa Khutor or, in other words, in Krasnaya Polyana. Over five thousand inhabitants. Almost everyone is busy serving tourists. Rosa Khutor has the largest artificial snow system in Europe. 77 kilometers of snowy slopes! 3 of which are certified by the International Ski Federation for competitions at the highest level. Snowboarding, freestyle, luge - the season lasts from November to April, and over a million compatriots and guests from abroad vacation here every year. There is a ski club. Hotels, inns, cottages - choose and stay according to your taste and wallet size. During the day, skiing, sledding and the like. In the evening, intimate conversations by the fireplace with glasses of famous Kuban wines, and if anyone wishes, discos and karaoke. Crystal clear mountain air and winter sports will improve your health and lift your spirits. Let us add to what has been said - there are many villages in the foothill and mountainous parts of the Greater Caucasus. And guests of the region have heard well about some of them. They come here for rest and treatment. We invite you to do the same: “Welcome to visit us - you will be very satisfied!”

The Krasnodar Territory is a whole region, which has several large cities, its own center, not counting a dozen villages. Every year hundreds, if not thousands, of tourists come here to relax and learn more about a wonderful place with a wonderful climate. The region has high mountains that protect it from cold winds, green plains rich in herbs, and swampy lowlands where you can see water lilies and hear the croaking of frogs. Local residents are famous for their hospitality, and the guides who greet guests seem to know all the legends about their native land.

National composition

The region is home to Russians, Armenians, Greeks, Germans, Turks, Circassians or Circassians (Shapsugs, Natukhais, etc., who are the indigenous population of the region) and other nationalities.

Population

The latest correspondence (2017) showed 5,514,250 people, if we count all residents of cities and towns. Many come here every year to stay. Everyone lives well in the region; in large cities life is modern, with a developed economy, against the backdrop of beautiful landscapes. Agriculture is developing here, there are several private farms and vineyards. Those who love to work on earth will always find their place here. The population is quite diverse nationally, which is not surprising. And visiting tourists only add to the diversity. There are many more people coming to live than those leaving somewhere.
After the collapse of the USSR, the population in the region increased by about 10%. And this is not only due to natural growth. People come here who dream of “living in Paradise,” having their own house and listening to the sound of the surf in the morning. After all, the Krasnodar region is famous for its several seas and even climate. It’s very beautiful here and there are no problems finding work. Wealthy citizens are actively building their luxury cottages and acquiring businesses. Here you can make money not only by renting out housing and selling something to tourists. The economy of the region is quite diverse, not much different from ordinary large metropolitan areas, especially in large cities.
In total, there are 26 cities of different sizes in the region, 12 urban-type settlements and another 1,725 ​​different settlements. Moreover, over time, such settlements are only increasing. They are not prevented even by the liquidation of villages whose residents leave their places.
In terms of gender, the region differs little from the whole of Russia - here women are approximately 379 thousand more than men. Alas, this is due to the frequent mortality of men at a young and mature age from various causes. Moreover, the difference begins to be felt from the age of 25, as if some force is mowing down men before 25.