Holy Cross Monastery in Lukino schedule of services. Holy Cross Jerusalem stauropegial convent stauropegial convent. National treasure of Ukraine

Photo: Holy Cross Monastery of Jerusalem

Holy Cross Jerusalem Stauropegial Convent
Opened on June 29, 1887 in the village of Lukino, Podolsk region. On September 20 of the same year, the consecration of the expanded temple in the name of the Exaltation of the Honest and Life-Giving Cross of the Lord took place. After the reconstruction, the temple began to accommodate not 50, but 500 people; the ancient iconostasis was restored in it, and luxurious vestments were arranged for the holy throne and altar. In the first decades of the 20th century, two more churches were built on the territory of the monastery: the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God and the Ascension Cathedral, as well as a large orchard, an apiary and a pharmacy garden with herbs. A shelter for girls, a parochial school, a hospital and a pharmacy were opened at the monastery.

The architecture of the complex at the end of the 19th and 20th centuries combines eclectic and false Russian style motifs. The monastery occupies the site of the former Golovin estate, from which a rebuilt house church remains. The monastery territory is divided into three functional parts: the front courtyard, the courtyard with services, and the park with the former manor church.

The center of the architectural ensemble is the Ascension Cathedral, its powerful chapters are clearly visible from long distances. Red brick, with white stone details, it was built according to the design of S.V. Krygin from 1890 -1893. The four-pillar, five-domed cathedral on a high semi-basement, without apses, is monumental and festive. Its external decoration consists of inter-tier arcatures and brick patterns covering the drums, the top of the blades and semi-circular zakomaras.

Immediately after the revolution, persecution began against the monastery, and in 1921 it was closed, the maple park was destroyed, and the orchard was cut down. At various times, the temples and buildings of the monastery housed a tobacco factory, a sanatorium, etc.

In 1937, the priest of the monastery, Kosma Korotkikh, was shot at the Butovo training ground. Soon the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross, the last church where services continued after the closure of the monastery, was closed. Miraculously, they managed to save the miraculous icon of the Mother of God of Jerusalem, which had been secretly taken from the monastery to the nearest village of Myachkovo.

In 1992, the Holy Cross Monastery in Jerusalem was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church. The monastery is directly under the patriarchal care, therefore it is called stauropegial. In July 2001, nun Ekaterina (Chainikova) was appointed abbess of the monastery.

On the territory of the monastery there are preserved:
* Cathedral
* House
* Church of the Exaltation
* Guest outbuilding
* Red body
* "Vasilievsky" building
* Cellar
* Travel gates
* Fortress walls and fence towers
* New house of the abbess
* Building with refectory

On October 25, 2001, the great consecration of the temple in honor of the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God took place. The main shrine of the monastery - the miraculous icon - took its rightful place.
On October 25, 2002, the consecration of the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross took place, which was performed by His Holiness Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus' Alexy II in the co-service of bishops and clergy. Mother Catherine was elevated to the rank of abbess. And trustees V.L. Nusenkis and L.D. Olishchuk received high church awards from His Holiness for their great contribution to the restoration and decoration of the monastery.

Story

In 1837, in the village of Stary Yam, Podolsk district, an almshouse for women was established at the Church of the Holy Martyrs Florus and Laurus. It existed for about 20 years. The first donor to the almshouse was Paraskeva Rodionovna Savatyugina. A two-story stone house was built with her money. On the day of the consecration of this house in 1855, Metropolitan Philaret (Drozdov) sent the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God in Greek writing as a blessing to the almshouse, which later became the main shrine of the monastery.

In 1865, with the blessing of Metropolitan Philaret, the almshouse was renamed the Florolarskaya women's community. Its first boss is P.R. Savatyugina.

Soon the community moved to the estate of the princes Golovins donated to it in the village of Lukino. The previous well-appointed house was moved from the village of Stary Yam to become housing for the sisters, and other work was carried out to improve the new location.

On the territory of the estate there was a small stone church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross (Krestovozdvizhenskaya), built in 1846. This is how the community henceforth began to be called - Krestovozdvizhenskaya.

In 1871, construction began on the Church of the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God. On October 13, 1873, the new temple was consecrated.

In 1873, the first tonsure was performed in the Jerusalem Temple - the abbess of the community, Paraskeva Savatyugina, became a monk with the name Paul, and most of the sisters were blessed to wear monastic clothes.

In the period from 1871 to 1886. a two-story cell building, a clergy house, a rectory, a small hotel, and a bell tower were built. Subsequently, with the assistance of Princess Maria Yakovlevna Meshcherina, a parish school with an orphanage and a hospital were established. The life of the community became more and more like a monastery; there were already about 100 sisters in it.

In February 1887, by determination of the Holy Synod, the community was transformed into the Holy Cross Jerusalem monastery of the second class. The official opening and ceremonial consecration of the monastery took place on June 28 (July 11, New Art.), 1887.

In the spring of 1890, construction began on the cathedral church according to the design of the architect S.V. Krygina. On July 15, 1896, two altars were consecrated in the cathedral: the main one, Ascension, and the northern one, Assumption. The southern chapel in the name of Metropolitan Philip of Moscow was consecrated on September 15 of the same year.

After the revolution, the monastery's economy was nationalized, valuable utensils were confiscated, and the library was burned. Believers managed to save the Jerusalem image of the Mother of God and transport it to the temple in the village of Myachkovo, where the icon remained for 50 years.

Street children were placed within the walls of the monastery. In the early 20s. a rest home was organized here. During the Great Patriotic War, a military hospital was located in the buildings and premises of the former monastery. After the war, the Leninskie Gorki sanatorium was opened in the monastery. In 1980, the All-Union Children's Rehabilitation Center was located on the territory of the monastery.

In 1992, the monastery was transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church. The miraculous Jerusalem image of the Mother of God was returned to the monastery.

In 2006, the monastery opened a courtyard in Moscow - the Church of the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God behind the Intercession Gate.

Shrines

• Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God;
• particles of relics: martyrs. St. George the Victorious; St. Demetrius, Metropolitan of Rostov; St. Nifont, Bishop of Novgorod; St. Tikhon, Patriarch of Moscow; St. Pimena Postnik; St. Lawrence the Recluse, Bishop of Turov; St. Macaria; sschmch. Kukshi; St. Anatolia; St. Sylvester; St. Abraham the Hardworking; St. Isaiah the Wonderworker; St. Ilia Muromets; St. Alypius the Iconographer; St. Basil the Martyr; Reverend Fathers of Kiev-Pechersk; St. Nicholas of Mirlikiy; cschmch. Clement, Pope of Rome; VMC. Catherine.

In contact with

The monastery was located in Moscow, in the White City, on Vozdvizhenka Street. Abolished in 1814.

The original name was the Monastery of the Exaltation of the Honest Life-Giving Cross of the Lord, which is on the Island. It is believed that in the 14th century, on the site of the future monastery, there was a small forest among the fields, and this is where the old Moscow name came from.

Story

Construction

The Resurrection Chronicle reports that in 1540 the miraculous icons of the Mother of God and the Exaltation were brought to Moscow from Rzhev. They were met by the future Tsar Ivan the Terrible and Metropolitan Joasaph, and a wooden temple was erected in memory of this event.

The Holy Cross Monastery was first mentioned in chronicles in 1547 in connection with a terrible fire that broke out from the Exaltation Church of the monastery.

As they say in the chronicle and life of St. Basil, he came to the Monastery of the Exaltation of the Precious Cross, on the Island, and began to cry heavily here. On that day, Moscow did not understand what the Blessed One was crying about, but in the morning the reason for his tears was revealed: on June 21, a wooden church in the Vozdvizhensky Monastery caught fire, and the fire, intensified by the wind, began to quickly spread throughout the city. The fire predicted by the Blessed One was terrible: all of Zaneglimenie, Veliky Posad, the Old and New Towns burned out, “not only the village buildings, but the stone itself disintegrated, and the iron spilled, and many stone churches and chambers were all burned out.”

In 1550, after a fire, a new church was built.

By 1701, the church had fallen into disrepair and Abbot Macarius submitted a petition to build a new one.

In 1810, a new archimandrite Gennady (Shumov) was appointed to the Moscow Holy Cross Monastery, but he soon died before the invasion of French troops into Russia. This share fell on the shoulders of his successor, Archimandrite Parthenius.

In 1812, before the enemy invasion, Archimandrite Parfeniy of the Holy Cross Monastery took the sacristy to Vologda, and the staff covered the monastery gates with earth. The enemy beat off the gates and doors of churches with logs, fatally beat the treasurer and monks, trying to find out where the property was hidden. After opening the floors, they found what was hidden. In the lower church there were horses, nails were driven into the iconostasis for hanging harnesses, there were beds in the altar; the throne, the altar and several icons were burned instead of firewood. The monastery was lined with wagons filled with provisions.

In 1812, according to some sources, the monastery suffered almost no damage, but according to others, it suffered so much that because of this it was abolished. What is certain is that it was plundered by the invaders.

After the abolition of the monastery in 1814 after the invasion of Napoleon, the cathedral church of the monastery became an ordinary Moscow parish church.

In 1820, on the territory of the former monastery, houses were built for the families of the clergy of the Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin.

In 1848 - 1849, the architect P. P. Burenin built a 6-tier bell tower.

In 1899, a burial from 1538 was found on the territory of the former monastery.

Cathedral Church

The construction of the temple began in 1701, but its completion was delayed due to the ban on stone construction in Moscow by order of Peter I. By 1711, the lower Church of the Assumption was consecrated, and the main one, Vozdvizhenskaya, was finished only in 1726. It was one of the last buildings of the “Moscow Baroque”, and within the central part of the city it was the only centric temple with a petal plan, which was also unusually developed. This decision became possible because the temple was placed in the middle of a relatively spacious monastery courtyard and the author was free to choose the composition. Perhaps the completion was planned differently, but the construction was completed almost a quarter of a century after its foundation, at a time when a different style was dominant.

There were 2 main altars in the temple and 4 in the side chapels:

• The main altar (consecrated on September 14, 1728) was located at the top with the chapels of St. Sergius (1858) and the Great Martyr Paraskeva (1858). The murals of the upper temple dated to the end of the 18th century.

• Below was the throne of the Dormition of the Blessed Virgin Mary (consecrated on September 10, 1711) with the chapels of Mary Magdalene (1785) and St. Nicholas the Wonderworker (1848). The chapel of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker was consecrated in memory of the Church of St. Nicholas in Sapozhka, abolished in 1838. Icons and utensils from the abolished church were transferred to the Church of the Exaltation. In the lower Assumption Church, the iconostasis was built in 1836, the coffered vaults were completed in 1785.

The great Russian satirist Saltykov-Shchedrin was married in the church, and State Chancellor M.I. Vorontsov was buried.

Shrines

Destruction

Helpful information

Holy Cross Monastery

Shrines

In the main iconostasis of the mid-18th century, a few images from the 1680 iconostasis of the Kremlin Church of the Twelve Apostles, transferred during its alteration in 1723, were preserved, as well as more ancient icons from the same place, such as “The Mother of God in Prayer of the Apostle Philip and Metropolitan Philip” (1655).

Destruction

The Church of the Exaltation of the Cross was closed no earlier than 1929 and demolished in 1934.

Priest of the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross, Fr. Alexander Sidorov was arrested in 1931 and died in a concentration camp in Kemi.

A Metrostroy mine was built on the site of the church. During the construction of the mine in the 1930s, a layer of river sand an cubit thick was discovered, which was mentioned by the oprichnik Heinrich Staden in the story about the construction of the oprichnina courtyard.

Until the winter of 1979, the monastery gates that stood along Kalinin Avenue were still preserved. In the spring, during the hasty construction of the crossing, they were also demolished; Moreover, when digging the tunnel, a cultural layer was exposed with ancient coffins, old foundations, remains of things - all this was raked into a heap with an excavator without study and taken to a landfill.

In 1935, Vozdvizhenka was first renamed into Comintern Street (after the building located on it, where the Comintern worked in the first years after the revolution), in 1946 - into Kalinin Street, in 1963 it became part of Kalininsky Prospekt.

One of the brightest representatives of temple architecture is the church in the Holy Cross Jerusalem Stauropegial Convent.

Today it is easy to get here if you drive along the Kashirskoye Highway south from Moscow. Pilgrims most often board any bus from the capital's Domodedovskaya metro station to the airport of the same name and get off at the Sanatorium stop. From here it is about a 15-minute walk to the monastery.

Having passed the first gate, you will walk along a very picturesque alley, drowning in greenery, to the gate bell tower, built of red brick, and then you will find yourself on the territory of the monastery.

The history of the monastery begins back in 1837, when in the village of Stary Yam, Podolsk district, at the church in the name of the holy martyrs Florus and Laurus, a small almshouse for women began to operate.

How did the almshouse become the Holy Cross Monastery in Jerusalem?

A certain holy fool named Ivan Stepanovich played a decisive role in this. At the age of 34, he made a pilgrimage to the holy relics, after which he quit his job as a cab driver and took on the feat of foolishness, completely devoting his life to serving God. At any time of the year, half-naked and barefoot, Ivan Stepanovich walked around the holy places and monasteries of Russia. Everyone revered him as blessed.

One day he came to the widow of a rich Muscovite, Paraskeva Rodionovna Savatyugina, and asked for money to organize the reading of the Undying Psalter in an almshouse. She did not refuse, and soon, on the advice of Ivan Stepanovich, she herself became one of the sisters of the almshouse, deciding to also devote her life to serving God.

The woman became the first donor to the future monastery. With her money, a two-story stone house for nuns was built, which was consecrated by Metropolitan of Moscow Philaret himself, who had a special affection for the holy fool Ivan Stepanovich.

Philaret donated the almshouse, which became the main shrine of the future monastery.

According to legend, having visited Old Yam some time later, the bishop exclaimed: “This is not an almshouse, but a monastery!” The year was 1860. Less than five years had passed since the Floro-Lavra women's community was founded, the head of which was Paraskeva Rodionovna Savatyugina, and the spiritual leader of the sisters was Ivan Stepanovich.

A few years later, the comfortable house where the sisters lived was moved from the village of Stary Yam to the village of Lukino, where not long before a stone church was built in the name of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross. Soon the community began to be called Krestovozdvizhenskaya.

In 1871, another temple was founded here in honor of the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God. It was attached to the refectory building and a miraculous icon was placed here. And three years later, when the temple was completed, the first tonsure was performed here - Paraskeva Rodionovna accepted monasticism with the name of Paul.

Soon there were already about a hundred sisters in the monastery, and in 1887 the Holy Synod decided to transform the community into Holy Cross Jerusalem Monastery.

In 1890, under Abbess Evgenia, construction began on the grandiose cathedral church in honor of the Ascension of the Lord, which we can see today.

The height of the cathedral reaches 38 meters. At the western gate, a very beautiful bell tower with 10 bells was built even earlier, the largest of which weighed more than three hundred pounds. The bell tower, alas, was destroyed during the years of Soviet power. At the same time, the Bolsheviks nationalized the entire monastery economy, placing street children here. The nuns were assigned to work at the local state farm.

In the spring of 1924, the temple was converted into a village club. Divine services continued for several more years in the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross, where the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God was transferred, but in 1937 this temple was closed, and the priest Kozma Korotkikh was shot.

In 1992, the monastery was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church, and services were resumed in the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross.

Ten years later, nun Ekaterina (Chainikova) became the abbess of the monastery. The Temple of the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God was restored, and the miraculous image returned to its historical place.

The craftsmen completely restored the Holy Cross Church, painted it inside with new frescoes and decorated it with a majestic iconostasis.

In 2006, the monastery opened a Moscow courtyard in the Church of the Jerusalem Icon of the Mother of God behind the Intercession Gate.