Construction of the Ostankino TV tower. Ostankino tower. Ostankino Tower prices and opening hours
Ostankino TV Tower (Russia) - description, history, location. Exact address, phone number, website. Tourist reviews, photos and videos.
- Last minute tours in Russia
Previous photo Next photo
The Ostankino TV Tower is not just a visiting card of the capital, it is a monument to the grandeur of the Soviet era and at the same time a look into the future of Russian television. Since its construction, the Ostankino TV tower has become one of the symbols of Moscow. There are two observation platforms on it: open and closed, where excursions are organized for residents and guests of the capital from May to October.
The bird's-eye view of Moscow during the day and at night is a truly impressive sight, and it will become accessible again after the renovation work is completed. The reconstruction will also expand the variety of excursions.
A “Technical Route” was created with an inspection of the tower from the inside, the ropes that give the structure strength, engineering rooms, etc.
Story
The birthday of Soviet television is December 31, 1938, and the Ostankino television and radio broadcasting tower has a history of almost half a century. It was built in 1967 by a team of Soviet engineers and architects: N.V. Nikitin, B.A. Zlobin, L.I. Batalov and others.
For that time it was the tallest building in the world (540 meters). Even now, the tower ranks sixth in height among free-standing structures on the planet.
The simplicity and strength of the structure is achieved by using reinforced concrete compressed with steel cables. An equally progressive idea is associated with the foundation of the tower. It's practically gone! According to the plan of chief designer Nikitin, the stability of the tower, standing almost without a foundation on the ground, is realized due to the strong superiority of the mass of the cone-shaped base over the mass of the mast structure. The base is built with 10 supports. The prototype of the tower was an inverted lily.
Ostankino Tower
The building was built with the aim of expanding the Russian television and radio broadcasting network (the first television tower was on Shabolovka), as well as to introduce people to the capital - as an observation deck at an altitude of 337 meters.
More than 10 million people have visited the observation deck during its existence.
Previously, films about the construction of the TV tower were broadcast in the Ostankino concert hall, and now theater performances, seminars and various conferences are held there. Also in Soviet times, Muscovites and guests of the city had the opportunity to literally be in seventh heaven.
One of the main attractions of the Ostankino TV Tower is the Seventh Heaven restaurant.
It is located at an altitude of 334 meters (approximately the level of the 112th floor of a residential building) directly below the observation deck and occupies three floors, each of which makes circular movements around its axis at a speed of one or two revolutions per 40 minutes.
Excursion to the Ostankino Tower
Route No. 1
The route includes a visit to a spectacular observation deck, where you will see a 360-degree panorama of Moscow at an altitude of 337 m.
Route No. 2
, M. A. Shkud, L. N. Shchipakin;
engineers N.V. Nikitin,
| Cultural Heritage Site, object No. 7749507000 object No. 7749507000 |
The tallest TV towers in the world
Construction (1960s)
Ostankino TV tower against the backdrop of 22-story buildings
An all-Union competition was held for the best TV tower design, which was won by the Kiev Design Institute, which specialized in steel structures and proposed an openwork metal tower similar to the Eiffel Tower in Paris. The application did not arouse enthusiasm among the architects who were to implement the project, and a member of the competition committee, a specialist in reinforced concrete and metal structures, Nikolai Nikitin, came up with an unexpected alternative proposal - to make the tower out of concrete. A similar project for a concrete television tower was successfully completed 2 years earlier in, so Nikitin’s opinion was listened to, and the engineer was given the opportunity to prepare his own application. The design he proposed was based on the work of Yuri Kondratyuk, the author of the unrealized project of the Crimean wind power plant on Mount Ai-Petri, whose assistant Nikitin worked in the 1930s. Kondratyuk conceived the concrete structure of the wind power plant to be thin and hollow, and its strength was to be ensured by energized steel ropes. In Nikitin’s project, prevention of deformation and destruction of the concrete frame made of individual round blocks was also ensured by 149 tensioned cables. Nikitin claimed that he developed the project in 1 night, and the prototype of the cone-shaped base of the tower was an inverted lily that the engineer dreamed of - a flower with strong petals and a thick stem. However, Nikitin was not the first to propose such a solution: in 1932, the Italian engineer Pier Luigi Nervi, popular in the Soviet Union, presented for one of the competitions a 300-meter slender tower, growing from a cone-shaped base and topped with a metal mast. Nikitin's tower differed from Nervi's design in having a longer trunk and a wider base.
Construction [ | ]
Nikitin's project was approved, By decisions of the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the Executive Committee of the Moscow City Council, the State Union Design Institute of the Ministry of Communications of the USSR became the general design organization, the development of the architectural solution was entrusted to the Mosproekt Institute, and Glavmosstroy was appointed as the general contractor [ ] . Nikitin was appointed chief designer, and engineers Boris Zlobin, Vladimir Travush, Victor Khandzhi and Moisey Shkud, who also acted as an architect, worked with him. The head of workshop No. 7 of Mosproekt, Leonid Batalov, was appointed chief architect, and architects Dmitry Burdin and Lev Shchipakin also took part in the development of the artistic side of the project. Construction began in the summer of 1960 even before the final approval of the project: in July 1960, the SU-60 of the Stroitel trust entered the construction site; at the end of September, the first reinforced concrete blocks were laid in the foundation of the television tower [ ] . In the spring of 1961, construction was suspended due to doubts about the reliability of the shallow foundation proposed by Nikitin, from 3.5 to 4.6 meters - less than a standard factory pipe. The engineer was confident in his calculations, but agreed to increase the base by 1.5 meters in width and 2.25 meters in depth. Also, on the recommendation of the author of the Stuttgart TV tower, a German engineer (German. Fritz Leonhardt), the number of supports was increased from 4 to 10. The final design of the Ostankino TV tower was approved on March 22, 1963, and work resumed, and the last change was an increase in height from the design 505 meters to 540 (with a flagpole).
The architects gave the tower its finished appearance. They added arches between the supports, built a glass cylinder under the tower's trunk, where technical services and live broadcast studios were located, and cut through the upper part of the cone with porthole windows, giving the tower a resemblance to a rocket. At the level of 325-360 meters, the tower received an extension the size of a 10-story building, which housed equipment, a 3-story revolving restaurant and an observation deck, borrowed from the design of the TV tower in Stuttgart. The balconies and the trunk of the tower housed equipment for radio relay lines, mobile television stations, radiotelephone communications, special service facilities and a meteorological complex. In November 1967, at the time of the grand opening of the television tower dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution, the work was not completed and a compromise decision was made: on November 4, the television signal left the tower for the first time, on November 5, the act of the State Commission on the commissioning of the first stage of the Hardware and Studio Complex, which included a television tower, and the second stage was commissioned on December 26, 1968. It only took about 2 more months to turn all the city antennas towards the new TV tower. An observation deck and restaurant opened in 1969. Upon completion, the Ostankino TV Tower became the tallest structure in the world. By a resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, she received the honorary title “named after the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution,” and in 1970 Nikitin, Zlobin, Shkud, Burdin and Shchipakin were awarded the Lenin Prize in the field of science and technology.
Fire [ | ]
On August 27, 2000, at an altitude of over 400 meters, high-frequency cables caught fire due to overvoltage, which led to a major fire at the Ostankino TV tower. The burning of the polyethylene casing of the feeders led to the rapid spread of fire inside the tower shaft. The first fire crews arrived 11 minutes after the fire and tried to stop the vertical spread of the fire using asbestos sheets, but drops of burning polyethylene penetrated through the cracks formed due to the complex shape of the tower’s internal structures. Due to the internal organization of the television tower, rescuers with equipment were forced to climb from 381 to 420 meters along a narrow vertical metal staircase, unsuitable for evacuation, and the task of the first few hours was to protect the elevator structures that were used to lower people from fire. During August 27, the fire spread to a height of 80 meters; 2,400 people, 269 pieces of equipment and 4 fire helicopters took part in extinguishing the fire. The fight against the fire continued for more than a day - until the evening of August 28.
In the fire, 3 floors of the tower were completely burned out, 121 tensioned steel ropes became unusable, and the power supply and communication systems were damaged. High-speed elevators collapsed along with the structures, killing 3 people in one of them: the fire crew commander who was climbing to the fire, an elevator operator and a repairman. Due to the loss of a significant part of the equipment, broadcasting of the main TV channels to Moscow and the Moscow region was temporarily interrupted. In the first days after the fire, ORT and RTR broadcasts were combined, and NTV programs were partially broadcast on TNT, partially on Channel Five. The operation of meter channels was completely restored by September 4, some of the decimeter channels by September 5, and for another year and a half, broadcasting was partially organized through the television center on Shabolovka and the Shukhov Tower. The fire resistance of the concrete trunk of the tower made it possible to continue its operation in parallel with reconstruction in 2000-2007. In 2009, excursion services for guests of the tower were resumed, in 2011 the open observation deck at an altitude of 340 meters began operating again, and the Seventh Heaven restaurant at an altitude of 328-334 meters, completely destroyed by a fire in 2000, opened only in 2016.
Design [ | ]
Vertical panorama of the Ostankino TV tower
Elevator systems[ | ]
Entrance to the elevator lock
Initially, the Ostankino TV tower had German R.Stahl elevators. During the fire in 2000, due to high temperatures, almost all the cables of all the elevators burst, which caused them to fall. There were 3 people in one of the cabins at the time, none of them survived.
4 new elevators were produced at the ThyssenKrupp plant in 2003, but their installation was completed only on November 21, 2005. One service elevator from the Shcherbinsky plant was also installed in the building. ShchLZ also designed one of two elevators, which should be located in the antenna part of the television tower. Elevators No. 6 and 7, located above the observation deck and reaching approximately 450 meters, are currently not working, and perhaps their restoration is not planned due to the fact that the elevator shafts are clogged with cables and feeders. As of September 2017, 5 elevators are in operation: 4 high-speed elevators of the ThyssenKrupp concern and one service elevator of the Shcherbinsky Elevator Plant.
High-speed elevators have the following characteristics: Two passenger:
- Speed - 7 m/s.
- Load capacity - 1000 kg.
- Number of stops - 13.
Cargo-passenger:
- Speed - 7 m/s.
- Load capacity - 1000 kg.
- Number of stops - 47.
Restaurant:
- Speed - 4 m/s.
- Load capacity - 500 kg.
- Number of stops - 9.
Machine units of high-speed elevators are installed at 360 and 364 meters. The speed of elevators can be automatically reduced based on signals from sensors that control the amplitude of the tower's swing. The elevators are also equipped with a unique system in which contactless transmission of electricity into the elevator cabin is carried out due to inductive energy transfer using the transformer principle. For this purpose, elements of inductive energy transmission are placed in the shaft, and current collectors are attached to the cabin.
If these high-speed elevators stop working, visitors to the observation deck from a height of 337 meters will be evacuated by employees of this television tower on foot along a technical staircase to the exit from the television tower.
Observation deck[ | ]
Over the 30 years of the tower’s existence, the Seventh Heaven restaurant with its observation deck was visited by over 10 million guests. By January 2008, the observation deck was completely renovated. On March 27, 2008, it opened for pilot tours.
There are two observation platforms: the lower one is covered, at an altitude of 337 meters, and the upper (“balcony”) is open, at an altitude of 340 meters. The lower observation deck is equipped with transparent openings in the floor made of durable glass-crystalline material sitalla. These “windows” can support the weight of several people.
Since December 2010, one-hour tours have been offered daily. There are three observation platforms - a closed one, 337 m high, and two open ones, 340 m high and 85 m high, respectively. The open observation deck is open only in the warm season - from May to October. Tour group sizes are currently limited to 90 visitors.
From the observation platforms of the Ostankino Tower a panorama of the city of Moscow and the nearest Moscow region opens.
Media façade [ | ]
Ostankino TV tower at night
In 2014, media facades (LED screens) were installed on two tiers of the Ostankino TV tower: the lower level - at a height of 83-128 meters, the second level - at a height of 146-192 meters. The total surface area of the screens on two tiers was 3753 m². The installation was carried out for the use of media facades during the Circle of Light festival in October 2014. At the end of the festival, it was decided to continue using the media façade for evening and holiday illumination and for advertising purposes.
Sport [ | ]
Concert hall [ | ]
The concert hall of the Ostankino TV tower "Korolevsky" is located in the building of the excursion building, which houses the directorate of the Moscow regional center of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Russian Television and Radio Broadcasting Network". During the operation of the observation deck, the concert hall was used as a cinema hall to show videos about the Ostankino Tower, Ostankino and television. Nowadays, the Korolevsky Concert Hall hosts various concerts, theatrical performances, conferences, seminars and other events.
ground floor: 360 amphitheater: 392Stage size: 18 × 9 × 8.5. Equipped with: intermission-sliding curtain, 7 mechanical lifts, three stage lighting trusses, “Starry Sky” on the back of the stage and three backstage plans.
TV channels, multiplexes and radio stations transmitted by the tower[ | ]
Every week on the night from Monday to Tuesday from 1:45 to 6:00 the broadcast is suspended. Preventative work is being carried out on the tower. In addition, the majority of channels broadcasting in analog format (except for Channel One) undergo additional periodic shutdowns for maintenance according to an established schedule. In addition, digital multiplexes undergo maintenance according to their own schedules from 6 am to 2 pm: the first multiplex - every 2nd Tuesday of the month, the second - every 3rd Wednesday, the additional one - every 4th Thursday.
TV channels and multiplexes[ | ]
Television transmitters are located on the fifth floor of the base of the television tower. Television transmitting antennas occupy four antenna sections of the tower and are located at heights of 389-421 and 454-523 meters. Several antennas (backup and low power) are located at an altitude of 345-364 meters. Antenna polarization is horizontal.
| TV channel or multiplex | Frequency channel |
Power transmitter, kW |
Height suspension antennas, m |
Radius coatings*, km |
Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First channel | 1 | 40 | 404 | 130 | Stereo NICAM, teletext, 14:9 letterbox, frequency and time reference signals |
| TV Center | 3 | 40 | 467 | 120 | Stereo NICAM, teletext, radio program for the blind |
| Match TV | 6 | 1 | 486 | 80 | Teletext, subtitles |
| NTV | 8 | 40 | 486 | 105 | Teletext, subtitles |
| Russia 1 | 11 | 60 | 497 | 120 | Teletext, subtitles |
| Che! | 23 | 10 | 420 | 100 | |
| Multiplex RTRS-2 | 24 | 10 | 400 | 90 | DVB-T2. There is no coding. Broadcasting with a power of 10 kW started on December 11, 2013 at 10:10. |
| 25 | 10 | 454 | 110 | ||
| STS | 27 | 5 | 454 | 100 | |
| Disney Channel | 29 | 10 | 420 | 100 | |
| Multiplex RTRS-1 | 30 | 10 | 400 | 90 | DVB-T2. There is no coding. Broadcasting with a power of 10 kW started on March 19, 2012 at 8:50. |
| Home | 31 | 20 | 513 | 115 | |
| Russia-Culture | 33 | 20 | 513 | 115 | Teletext, subtitles |
| Additional multiplex | 34 | 10 | 400 | 100 | DVB-T2. Broadcasting from 01/15/2015. There is no coding (except for “Our Football”). |
| TNT | 35 | 5 | 478 | 95 | |
| Friday! | 38 | 10 | 454 | 110 | Stereo NICAM |
| Channel 5 | 44 | 5 | 410 | 105 | Teletext |
| TV-3 | 46 | 5 | 421 | 100 | |
| REN TV | 49 | 20 | 421 | 95 | 14:9 letterbox |
| 51 | 20 | 478 | 100 | ||
| Star | 57 | 5 | 419 | 85 | 14:9 letterbox |
| Test multiplex Ultra HD | 58 | 0,3 | 419 | 15 | DVB-T2 (H.265 codec) |
| 60 | 5 | 419 | 95 | ||
| * The zone of stable reception is marked; the total reception zone is even larger; it is an approximate value and depends on the used television receiver, antenna and the height of the latter. | |||||
Radio stations [ | ]
All radio stations are broadcast in two FM VHF bands: 65.90-74.00 MHz (VHF OIRT) and 87.5-108.0 MHz (VHF CCIR). VHF broadcast transmitters are located on the sixth floor of the base of the television tower. Broadcasting transmitting antennas occupy one antenna section of the tower and are located at an altitude of 421-454 meters. Antenna polarization is horizontal. All CCIR stations, except Orpheus, transmit RDS signals (basically only the station name, frequency and PTY identifier).
| Name | Frequency, MHz | power, kWt | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Radio Russia, Radio 1 | 66,44 | 5 | |
| 71,30 | 5 | ||
| Business FM | 87,50 | 5 | |
| Retro FM | 88,30 | 5 | |
| Radio Jazz | 89,10 | 5 | |
| Echo of Moscow | 91,20 | 5 | RDS-CT (time) |
| Kommersant FM | 93,60 | 5 | |
| Moscow speaks | 94,80 | 5 | RDS-CT |
| (planned to be replaced by Radio Ultra) | 95,20 | 5 | RDS-CT |
| Road Radio | 96,0 | 5 | |
| Vesti FM | 97,60 | 5 | |
| 98,80 | 5 | ||
| Orpheus | 99,20 | 5 | |
| 99,60 | 5 | ||
| Radio Vera | 100,90 | 5 | |
| DFM | 101,20 | 10 | |
| 101,50 | 10 | ||
| Our radio | 101,80 | 10 | |
| 102,10 | 5 | ||
| Radio Maximum | 103,70 | 10 | |
| Russian radio | 105,70 | 10 | |
| Europa Plus | 106,20 | 10 |
In culture [ | ]
Notes [ | ]
- List of tallest buildings and structures in the world
- Andrey Khoroshevsky. Ostankino Tower// 100 famous symbols of the Soviet era. - M.: Folio, 2006. - 512 p. - ISBN 966-03-3385-4.
- Anna Bronovitskaya, Nikolai Malinin, Olga Kazakova. Moscow. Architecture of Soviet modernism 1955-1991. Directory guide. - M.: Garage, 2016. - pp. 72-75. - 328 p. -
Ostankino Tower is a television and radio broadcasting tower. The chief designer was Nikitin N.. The image of the planned structure was an inverted lily, a flower with strong petals and a stem. This project was dreamed up in just one night. Chief architect - L.I. Batalov. The following architects took part in the construction: D.I. Burdin, M.A. Shkud and L.I. Shchipakin. The design of the Ostankino tower is a hollow reinforced concrete pipe, compressed by steel cables, consisting of two parts - a heavy base and a lighter mast. The depth of the foundation is about 4.6 meters. The TV tower was originally planned to be built on 4 supports, but they were eventually increased to 10 for better stability. The TV tower also has an observation deck, which is located at an altitude of 337 m, with a diameter of 21 m. The total mass of the television tower is about 55 thousand tons. The observation deck has a 360 degree view. The site is equipped with special optics for observation; in good weather, a view opens 60 kilometers ahead. There are also areas with a transparent floor on the site, where you can look at the ground vertically, from a bird's eye view. At an altitude of 328-334 meters in the Ostankino TV tower there is the Seventh Heaven restaurant. The restaurant levels slowly rotate around an axis coinciding with the axis of the tower, making 1-3 revolutions per hour. Thus, guests could admire the panorama of the city without interrupting their lunch. In 2000, there was a fire that completely destroyed Seventh Heaven, and its restoration took 16 years. Seventh Heaven resumed operations at the end of 2016. From 1992 until 2000, a sports festival was held annually at the tower - Race to "Seventh Heaven". One hundred runners from many countries of the world took part in the high-speed climb to the observation deck along the stairs of the tower. Anyone who had passed all the qualifying rounds could take part in the race. In the excursion building there is the Korolevsky concert hall. During the operation of the observation deck, the concert hall was used as a cinema hall to show videos about the Ostankino Tower. Nowadays the hall hosts various concerts, theatrical performances, conferences, seminars and other events. If you have purchased a ticket for an excursion to the TV tower, you will visit the television center building. You will learn about the history of creation, architecture and technical capabilities of the TV tower.
Photos
It is very interesting to watch the process of construction of objects, and especially if it concerns huge objects that we have been seeing ready for a long time. Sometimes you can’t even imagine how they were built. Here for example, and here or for example .
Do you see this hole in the first photo? But this is the beginning of the construction of a grandiose structure - the Ostankino Tower. “For a hundred years now I’ve been dreaming of visiting the restaurant “Seventh Heaven” and walking on the glass floor. And in general it would be very tempting to visit inside. Were you there? Interesting?
But let's take a look and read how the construction went...
Photo 2. 
In 1960, the seven-year construction of the Ostankino TV Tower began in Moscow, today the tallest structure in Europe (its height is 540.1 m). Ostankino TV Tower ranks 8th in the world after the Burj Khalifa (Dubai), Tokyo Sky Tree, Shanghai Tower (Shanghai), Abraj al-Bayt (Mecca), Guangzhou TV Tower, CN Tower (Toronto) and Freedom Tower (NY).
The tower, which weighs more than 32 thousand tons, was erected on a monolithic circular reinforced concrete foundation with a width of 9.5 meters, a height of 3 meters and a diameter (circumscribed circle) of 74 meters. In the decagonal reinforced concrete strip of the foundation, using a system of ring-stressed reinforcement (it consists of 104 bundles, each bundle has 24 wires with a diameter of 5 millimeters each), a preliminary stress is created - each bundle is tensioned by hydraulic jacks with a force of about 60 tons.
Photo 3. 
The foundation is laid in the ground to a depth of 4.65 meters. It is expected that it will settle by 3-3.5 centimeters. The tower's stability against overturning has a six-fold margin.
Photo 4. 
The reinforced concrete support of the entire structure is a thin-walled conical shell supported by ten reinforced concrete “legs” on the foundation benches. The diameter of the lower base of this shell is 60.6 meters, and at a height of 63 meters it is 18 meters. The upper part of the reinforced concrete shaft, starting from a height of 321 meters, is made in the form of a cylinder with an outer diameter of 8.1 meters. The thickness of the walls at the base of the tower is 500 millimeters.
Photo 5. 
In the center of the conical base, on a separate foundation (a round reinforced concrete slab with a diameter of 12 meters and a thickness of 1 meter), a reinforced concrete glass with a height of 63 meters and a diameter of 7.5 meters was erected. This glass contains high-speed elevators, power cables, communication cables, a shaft with water supply and sewer risers and an emergency steel staircase. The ends of the beams of fifteen interfloor ceilings rest on the glass, and a staircase runs between the glass and the conical base. The construction of separate foundations for two independent structures - the tower and the glass - allows different pressures to be transferred to the ground when they settle unevenly.
Photo 6. 
Under the influence of wind load, the upper part of the tower can oscillate, and the deflection of its top in strong winds can reach 10 meters. With winds that occur in Moscow quite often, on average once a week, visitors to the observation decks and restaurants will feel the vibrations of the tower in approximately the same way as the rocking of a ship with an amplitude of 8 centimeters with a period of vibration of 10 seconds.
Photo 7. 
There is another “enemy” at the tower. This is the Sun. Due to one-sided heating, the trunk moves (from curvature) at the top by 2.25 meters, at the level of the observation platforms - by 0.72 meters. To reduce deformations from wind loads and from one-sided heating, 150 steel cables were stretched at a distance of 50 millimeters from the inner surface of the barrel. Their total tension force is 10,400 tons—this is the weight of an ocean-going steamer. The cables will take on tensile forces and protect the concrete from cracks, and, consequently, the reinforcement from corrosion.
Photo 8. 
Several metal antennas with a total height of 148 meters are installed on the reinforced concrete part of the tower. The antennas are made in the form of steel pipes. There are rigid diaphragms inside the pipes. A special elevator is used to service antennas up to a height of 470 meters. To inspect and dismantle vibrators, as well as periodically paint the steel structures of the antennas, 6 platforms with railings are installed and cradles are suspended.
Photo 9. 
During the construction of the tower, the latest achievements of construction technology were widely used. A unique tower crane BK-1000 with a lifting capacity of 16 tons (with a boom reach of 45 meters) assembled and installed metal structures. The tower trunk was constructed using the world's only self-elevating unit weighing about 300 tons. Concrete was delivered to this unit by elevators.
Photo 10. 
At a separate site, sections of metal antennas were assembled using a SKG-100 crawler crane (with a lifting capacity of 100 tons). This was a control assembly. At the same time, equipment was mounted on the antennas and vibrators were installed. Then the antenna sections were disassembled again, and their individual parts - drawers - were transported by crane to the loading area at a height of 63 meters. Then, using a special crane installed on the tower trunk, the first drawers were lifted to the top of the tower and mounted so that they went 10 meters inside its trunk. And after that the installation was carried out using a crawling crane.
Photo 11. 
The design of the architectural and construction part of the television tower was developed by the Central Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Buildings and Sports Facilities. Team of authors: design engineer N. Nikitin, architects D. Burdin, L. Batalov, V. Milashevsky, design engineer B. Zlobin, plumbing engineer T. Melik-Arakelyan. Separate parts of the project were developed by Mosproekt-1 and 19 other design organizations. The general design organization is GSPI of the USSR Ministry of Communications. The technological part of the project is carried out by a team of authors under the leadership of engineer I. Ostrovsky.
Photo 12. 
Photo 14. 
After control assembly and adjustment of the antennas on the stand, individual mounting elements (tsents) weighing up to 25 tons are transferred by a crawler crane to the operating area of the ring crane. He lifts the drawer to the loading platform at a height of 63 m. An overhead crane, located at a height of 385 m, lifts the drawers to another transfer site located at a height of 370 meters. Then the self-lifting crane, moving along the mounted drawers, installs the newly arriving drawers on top of each other.
The last, topmost link is lifted by the crane from its middle. To maintain the vertical position of the link, its lower end is artificially weighted.
Photo 13. 
Construction took place from 1960 to 1967, and in November 1967, the broadcast of four television and three radio programs began over a distance of 120 km.
Photo 15. 
Photo 16. 
Photo 17. 
Photo 18. 
Photo 19. 
Photo 21. 
Photo 22. 
The Seventh Heaven restaurant at an altitude of 337 meters is ready to receive guests, 1967.
Photo 23. 
Photo 24. 
Equipment room of the central radio relay communication on the Ostankino TV tower, 1982.
Photo 25. 
An installer checks the condition of meteorological instruments installed on the Ostankino TV tower, 1970.
Photo 26. 
Photo 27. 
On August 27, 2000, a fire occurred in the tower at an altitude of 460 m - then 3 floors were completely burned out. The premises were restored by 2008.
Photo 28. 
Photo 29.
Photo 30. 
sources
Impressive tour of the TV tower
The wonders of Moscow can be found not only in the city, but also above the city. Today I, your Mishanya, decided to reveal the secrets of the Ostankino Tower. What secrets does this high-rise hide? How many years will it last after the fire? What is the height of the Ostankino Tower? So, I'm climbing one of the tallest structures in the world...
Ostankino Tower in Moscow. Start of construction
Before the construction of the Ostankino Tower began, the architects were given a clear and specific task: the television signal should cover the whole of Moscow and the region. The designers carried out calculations and found that in this case the height of the structure should reach 500 meters. No sooner said than done. 540 – this is the height of the Ostankino tower in meters.
The tower was built according to the Tumbler principle. The base is so heavy that it prevents the entire structure from falling. A deep foundation is not needed here. To visually lighten the structure, architect Nikitin proposed cutting through the base of the tower with 4 arches. Later they had to be increased to 10.
The fire in the Ostankino Tower is a tragedy in history
August 27, 2000 is one of the most tragic dates in the history of the skyscraper.
On this day there was a fire in the Ostankino tower. At an altitude of approximately 400 meters, plumes of black smoke erupted from the tower. As a result of the tragedy, broadcasting of almost all television channels in the capital was suspended, and three people were killed. The fire was extinguished and, despite all the fears associated with the possible collapse of the tower, it was completely restored. The builders were faced with the task of not only quickly restoring the structure, but also ensuring its protection so that such a disaster would not happen again.
What caused the fire? This happened due to excessive load on the feeders - the cables that were located at the top of the tower. They could not withstand the overheating and caught fire.
Reconstruction continued until 2007-2008. At the moment, the tower is operating normally and is happy to welcome guests.
Excursion to the TV tower: ticket price
The observation tower of the Ostankino tower offers a magnificent panorama of the capital from a height of half a kilometer.
The excursion to the Ostankino Tower is paid.
Prices for 2017 (include visits to observation decks):
The cost of an adult ticket is 1225 rubles.
Children's - 620 rubles.
Opening hours: daily from 10 am to 21-00.
From April to September (inclusive) an open-air observation deck is open (depending on weather conditions).
You can also purchase tickets for the excursion from the TV tower itself - the ticket office is located nearby.
And here in front of me is the Ostankino Tower. Next, a ride on a high-speed elevator and here it is - the observation deck! I pick up the powerful binoculars that are on the site and... Wow! What splendor! From above you can see intersections, houses, a bird's eye view of a pigeon and children frolicking happily near the Ostankino pond. It is difficult to convey in words this pleasant, dizzying feeling when there is a glass floor under your feet and 300 meters of height below it.
Another popular place among visitors to the Ostankino Tower is the Seventh Heaven restaurant..
It is located on the upper floors of the building. This is a whole restaurant complex with a rotating floor. During your meal you can see the entire panorama of the capital.
After the fire, the Seventh Heaven restaurant was closed for reconstruction; in 2017, it should open its doors to guests again.
In addition to the TV tower, be sure to visit VDNKh - there will certainly be something to do there, especially since the exhibition complex is nearby!
Where is the Ostankino Tower located: address and opening hours. How to get there?
The attraction is located a 25-35 minute walk from the VDNH metro station. Take the Moscow subway to the VDNH metro station.
Last car (train direction from the center), exit the metro to the right. It is best to go to the public transport stop “Metro VDNKh”, which is located on Ostankino proezd.
From the metro to your destination there are public transport routes - buses, trolleybuses or trains.
Then by trolleybuses 39, 9 or by minibus 379m, get off at the fourth stop “Akademika Koroleva Street”. There is alternative transport (minibuses) to the final stop – “Excursion building of the TV tower”.
Working hours– from 9.30 to 22.00.
I hope that you will like the selection of photos of the Ostankino Tower from Mishani!
Share with friends, leave comments!
Construction of the Ostankino TV tower
Secrets of spring bream fishing What bream bites in spring in May
How to choose a spinning rod for chub fishing?