An entrepreneur from Cheryomushki built a copy of the ship from Pirates of the Caribbean. Pirate ships. Basic criteria for a pirate ship What they fought for

What did the Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales trailer show us? Assumptions of observant viewers.

Official Synopsis: Having run out of luck, Captain Jack Sparrow finds himself being hunted by his old enemy, the dreaded Captain Salazar and his phantom pirates. They have just escaped from the Devil's Triangle and intend to destroy all the pirates, including Jack. Only a powerful artifact will help you escape - the trident of Poseidon, which gives its owner complete control over the seas.

Stills from the trailer for Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales.

What did we see in the minute-long trailer? An English ship sails into an opening between sharp rocks, pursued by an unknown ship. On the screen we see the outlines of the pursuing ship. You can guess that this is Captain Salazar's ship, but in the first seconds of the trailer it is a complete and richly decorated ship. Subsequently, Salazar's galleon "Silent Mary" is a ghostly ship with half-rotten sides. Apparently, the first frames of the trailer show the background of the events.

On the set of the film "Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales."

On the sails of Salazar's ship we can clearly see the coat of arms of the Kingdom of Spain in the form of a two-headed black eagle. This may mean that Captain Salazar is a Spanish sailor serving the crown, that is, the Spanish king. These images may point to the War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1714), which began in 1701 after the death of the last Habsburg king of Spain, Charles II. Charles bequeathed all his possessions to Philip, Duke of Anjou - grandson of the French king Louis XIV - who later became King Philip V of Spain.

The war lasted more than a decade, during which there were fierce naval battles in which flotillas from England, the Netherlands, France, Italy, and Spain took part. By 1708, the War of the Spanish Succession had intensified fighting not only on European shores, but also in the colonies. Spanish and Dutch ships, one after another, headed to the shores of America with only one goal - to intercept Spanish galleons returning to the metropolis with a load of gold, silver, precious stones and various colonial goods.

After the death of the entire Silver Fleet in Vito Bay, the Spanish authorities made every effort to prevent such a disaster from happening again.

The Armada and Fleet of the Mainland, under the command of General Don José de Santillan, consisting of 17 ships, three of which were large galleons, was about to cross the ocean to deliver the next shipment of gold to Spain. The captain was the 64-gun galleon "San Jose" with a displacement of almost 700 tons. In its holds, this galleon transported almost seven million pesos, excluding smuggled valuables.

Almiranta was the 64-gun galleon "San Joaquim" under the command of Admiral Villanueva. The third largest in the armada was Vice Admiral Conde de Vega Florida's 44-gun galleon, the Saita Cruz. The fourth large ship was the 700-ton urca Nietto, under the command of Captain Don José Francis with 40 guns on board. The other ships in the fleet were mostly small merchant ships. In addition, the squadron included the French frigate Le Esprit and the Spanish petache Nuestra Señora del Carmen.

In Portobello there was a slight conflict regarding exactly how the treasure should be transported in order to ensure its greatest safety. As a result, most of the valuables, mainly gold, were loaded onto two galleons - the captain and the almirante. The vice admiral's ship thus carried only thirteen chests of eight-real coins and fourteen bars of silver. The cargo sailing ships were loaded only with colonial goods and carried no other valuables.

While the fleet was at Portobello, news was brought from Cartagena that four to six enemy ships had been sighted nearby. At the meeting, the captains and admirals of the fleet had a long and heated discussion about what should be done. It was clear that they most likely belonged to England or Holland and were awaiting the appearance of their fleet. Most of the officers were in favor of waiting for a safer time for the transition, only Admiral Villanueva spoke in favor of immediate access to the sea, arguing that the sea was large enough and the fleet always had the opportunity to escape pursuit.

64-gun galleon "San Jose".

On May 28, 1708, the Spanish Armada left Portobello and headed for Cartagena. By June 7, they had reached the small group of islands Isla de Baru, approximately sixteen nautical miles southwest of the entrance to Cartagena Bay. The winds blew from the east-northeast, and the armada spent the entire night under sail, maneuvering between the islands. Only in the morning the fleet set out for the entrance to the harbor, but again failed due to headwinds,

At 15.00 on June 8, Spanish sailors noticed three sails on the horizon, and then another. It soon became clear that the sails belonged to English ships and that their course crossed the course of the Spanish fleet. It was no secret that a battle was inevitable. Around 1700, Villanueva formed his fleet into a battle line.

The English squadron, which appeared on the horizon, was really hunting for the Spaniards. The English admiral Water commanded four ships. The largest was the flagship 72-gun battleship Expedition, followed by the 64-gun Kingston and the 58-gun Portland. The fire-ship "Vultur" brought up the rear.

At 17.30, the Kingston approached the almirante and fired a broadside salvo at it. The Spaniards also fired a broadside in response, although without much damage to the British. From that moment on, a battle began that cost the Spanish treasury dearly.

Vater brought his ship within shooting distance of the captain and began to methodically shoot the Spaniards, taking advantage of the advantages in guns and training of the English crews. Panic began on board the San Jose. The Spanish sailors could not withstand the shelling and began to rush around the deck, knocking each other down in search of shelter from the English cannonballs. The battle between the two flagships continued for more than an hour and a half.

Suddenly, as captain Arauz described, a huge column of flame seemed to grow from the very depths of the San Jose and ascended to the topmast and topsails, like a volcanic eruption.

All this was accompanied by a huge column of smoke that enveloped the battlefield for a quarter of an hour. When the smoke cleared, the captains were no longer there.

Admiral Wager wrote about this in his report: “It was at sunset when I began shelling the admiral’s ship [San Jose]. An hour and a half later it exploded. My ship was located a little to the side at pistol shot distance, so the high temperature from the explosion washed over us like a hot wave and pieces of rigging boards were thrown onto our board. We quickly threw them overboard. It [the Spanish ship] immediately sank with all its wealth." 589 sailors found their grave at the bottom of the sea.

The galleon San Jose was sunk in 1708 in the Caribbean Sea near the city of Cartagena during a battle with ships of the British fleet.
Samuel Scott. Naval Battle of Cartagena.

As soon as the San Jose sank, Admiral Wager turned his attention to the Santa Cruz. At 2 o'clock in the morning he accidentally came across him in the dark, but not knowing what course the Spaniards were taking, he ordered a broadside to be fired to prevent them from raising sail and going far enough. The British fired more than 250 cannonballs at the Spanish ship. Attracted by the flashes of gunfire, the Kingston and Portland joined the flagship. Soon the Santa Cruz was a completely broken ship, lying like a log on the water. At that moment, the San Jokim crept up to the Expedition in the darkness and fired a broadside salvo. However, having received a powerful salvo from an English ship in response, he chose to disappear into the darkness. Wager hoped that Kingston and Portland would pursue the Sun Joquima, but their captains chose to remain close to the broken Santa Cruz.

What was left of the wrecked Spanish sailing ship was captured by the prize crew and taken into tow. Two days later, the surviving crew of the Santa Cruz and thirteen survivors of the San Jose were landed on Isla del Rosario.

"Kingston" and "Portland" at this time tried to intercept the "San Jokim". In the area of ​​the Salmedina Bank, they caught up with the Almiranta, but the shoals forced the British to tack very carefully and did not allow them to get close to the Spanish ship. Almiranta was able to safely reach Cartagena harbor.

After the death of the San Jose, the remaining ships of the Spanish Armada, realizing that they could not resist the British, scattered and retreated to the shoals inaccessible to the enemy. Since not all Spanish ships were able to pass through the shallow channels to Cartagena, it was decided to burn the Nietto so that it would not fall to the enemy.

This actually ended the battle of Cartagena. Admiral Wager was extremely dissatisfied that the captured treasures turned out to be so small. The bulk of the gold and silver either sank or reached Cartagena safely.

After arriving at Port Royal, the captains of the Portland and Kingston were put on trial for disobeying the admiral's orders.

The San Jose lies at a depth of 1,400 feet and is considered to be the "Grail" of all shipwrecks that have ever sunk, as it is believed to have contained countless treasures on board.

By the way, at the end of 2015, Colombian President Juan Manuel Santos announced on his Twitter page that an ancient Spanish galleon “San Jose” with valuable cargo had been discovered off the coast of Colombia.
"Good news! We found the galleon “San Jose,” the head of state wrote on his Twitter page on Saturday, December 5.

The search for the galleon has been going on for a long time. Back in the 80s of the last century, the value of the sunken treasures was estimated at $5 billion to $10 billion, TASS reports. And today, due to inflation, this figure has only increased.

In 1982, the American company Sea Search Armada announced that it had discovered the ship and even began a legal battle with the Colombian government over who owned the valuables on board. However, in the end, reports of the discovery were not confirmed. At the same time, a series of ships - first in Colombia and then in the USA - did not end in favor of Sea Search Armada. In 2011, an American court ruled that if the San Jose was found, the ship and its cargo would be considered the property of Colombia.

Considering that the fourth installment of Pirates of the Caribbean takes place under the Spanish king Ferdinand VI, who is the son of Philip V, it can be assumed that the events of the fourth film take place 40 years after the sinking of the Spanish galleon San Jose. Perhaps the creators of the new film took advantage of such a wonderful find and were inspired by the story of a sunken ship with the treasure of the Spanish crown and its crew exploding. Maybe it was the galleon "San Jose" that became the prototype of Salazar's ship. And what do we see in the first trailer for “Pirates 5” - Captain Salazar’s team represents drowned dead, as if they were under water. Their bodies suffered not only from the water, but also from the explosion, as evidenced by severed limbs and heads. And ash flies around the ghostly team. And, judging by the trailer, the main villain of Pirates 5 controls the element of fire.

"Saint Peter" is a Russian ship from the film "Pirates of the Caribbean".

You probably noticed in the movie “Pirates of the Caribbean: At World’s End” on the Tortuga pier there is a small ship with a double-headed eagle at the stern. This is the Russian schooner “Saint Peter”, which took part in the filming of the film. And by the way, Russian pirates could well have reached Tortuga, especially since in Ann Crispin’s book “The Price of Freedom” (2011), which is the official prequel to “Pirates of the Caribbean,” we meet the Russian pirate Borya Palachnik.

The schooner “Saint Peter” was built back in October 1991 for Vladimir Martus at the Petrozavodsk wooden shipyard “Varyag”. "St. Peter" was conceived as a training and expedition sailing-motor vessel, stylized as an 18th-century merchant scout.
Paid by JSC Kronverk (RUB 0.5 million). Length - 17.5 m, displacement - 55 tons.

At the time of the start of construction, there was practically nothing except the desire to build a ship. They worked on rented premises, lacking qualified specialists, tools, materials, historical literature and much more. And all this on a very limited budget. The lack of experience in building such ships also affected.

Members of the ship's future crew also took part in the construction. Despite all the difficulties, in less than a year “St. Peter” was built, launched and in the fall of 1991 went to St. Petersburg.

In 1992, he took part in the festival of wooden ships in Brest, France, then was operated in the Baltic for several years, and in 1994 he changed his owner and crossed the Atlantic to the Caribbean Sea. The ship is currently in Antigua. An article about him was published in the magazine “Captain” (No. 1, 2008). There, by the way, it is reported that “Saint Peter” is alive and well and managed to star in all three parts of the film “Pirates of the Caribbean”.

Still from the film "Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End." 2007

As the workers of the Varyag shipyard say:
“For us, the schooner “St. Peter” was the vessel during the design and construction of which we acquired the necessary experience and knowledge.

This experience and knowledge soon allowed us to take the next step and, at the end of 1991, begin construction of the lead schooner of the Askold-58 project - a ship of a completely different level.

Over the years since the construction of the “St. Peter,” dozens of motor and motor-sailing vessels have left the slipways of our shipyard, but this boat is still dear to us, like any first-born.”

By the way, the schooner “St. Peter” has a story worthy of “Pirates of the Caribbean.” In 1992, it was decided to sell the ship; the first person who wanted to buy the schooner was its captain, Vladimir Martus, but he did not have enough money (“St. Peter” is valued at 5 million rubles). On June 27, “St. Peter” with a crew of 10 people on board, bypassing border ships, sailed beyond the territorial waters of the CIS. According to criminologists, this was an unprecedented hijacking of a schooner.

Stills from the film "Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End." 2007

After a preliminary inquiry carried out by the transport police, it turned out that Captain Martus freely received travel documents at the 55th Navy Yacht Club, of which he is a member. According to the official version - to the French city of Brest to take part in the festival of ancient sailing ships and return. Unofficially, to participate and not return.

Nevertheless, in the end, “St. Peter” was sold, and with part of the proceeds, Vladimir Martus built the famous frigate “Standard”.

Today, “Standard” is not just a historical ship that participates in international regattas, but a project for the patriotic and labor education of youth. Anyone can become a member of the frigate crew. Here's what the ship's captain, Vladimir Martus, says about this:

I would say that “Standart” is a philosophy of life. Somewhere in the world there must be places where you can feel like an adult, a real one. Here is a historical frigate - this is just such a place where everything is real: where difficulties are difficulties, friendship is friendship, a team is a team. People there don’t have the mental bubblegum that we have everywhere on TV, but they have real life. And since the ship is beautiful and attractive, especially for young guys, we, of course, do our best to use this important property to distract the guys from the street and from other bad things, to give them the opportunity to express themselves and understand, maybe even improve myself.

Anyone can get on the ship; all you need is desire and time. Every year the core of the team of 6 - 7 people recruits volunteers. There is also a hierarchy at “Standard”: volunteer candidate, volunteer, project participant, midshipman, honorary participant. During sea voyages there are 30 - 40 people on board, but while the ship is on shore - up to two hundred. There is enough for everyone to do. For example, the frigate is currently being repaired. Having not collected the required amount for repairs at the dock, it was decided to repair it as in the time of Peter. The frigate was tilted and secured to the shore so that all the necessary work could be carried out: sanding, painting the bottom and changing the boards.

There are no analogues to the “Standard” project. There is one sailing frigate of the 17th - 18th centuries in Australia and America, and that’s it. But nowhere else with such an educational program as in Russia.

A ship, a flag and appearance - only these three things could put a pirate above the rest of the world. A fast ship, a flag with a bad reputation, and a terrifying appearance were often enough for the enemy to surrender without a fight. When success depends on how much fear you can instill in the victim, these three things were of no small importance, and they also served as evidence of the pirate’s luck.

The pirates did not build their own ships. Pirate ship had to be fast, maneuverable and well armed. When capturing a ship, they first looked at its seaworthiness. Daniel Defoe said that a pirate ship is, first of all, “a pair of light heels that will be very useful when you need to quickly grab something or run away even faster if they grab you”. On captured merchant ships, hold bulkheads, deck superstructures and one of the masts were often removed, the poop was made lower, and additional gun ports were cut into the sides.

As a rule, pirate ships were faster than ordinary ships, which was very important both in order to catch up with the victim and in order to evade pursuit. For example, when Charles Vane hunted a ship in the Bahamas in 1718, he easily evaded naval patrols, "making two feet on their one".

Most pirate captains did not change ships throughout their careers.(which was often very short - we can even talk about months, not years; even Blackbeard's empire of terror lasted only a few years). However, there were also those who changed ships like gloves - Bartholomew Roberts had about six of them. As for the captured ships, they were usually sold or simply burned.

A pirate ship needs constant care; it is especially important to timely clean the bottom of shells and algae so that they do not slow down the ship’s progress.. This procedure was performed once every three months. Usually, the pirates swam to some safe place, placed cannons at the entrance to the bay to repel a possible attack, and heeled the ship - that is, using tackles they pulled it onto the sandbank and cleaned the bottom. Heeling was also used in cases where it was necessary to repair the underwater part of the hull. The biggest threats to the ship were shellfish and the shipworm (woodworm), which gnawed into the wood and could make tunnels up to 6 feet (2 meters) long in it. These worms were capable of completely destroying the ship's hull.

Vessel dimensions

The size of a pirate ship was quite important. A larger ship is easier to deal with storms and can also carry more guns. However, larger ships are less maneuverable and more difficult to heel. In movies, pirates are usually shown on large ships, such as galleons, because they look very impressive, but in reality, pirates preferred small ships, most often sloops; they were fast and easy to care for. In addition, their shallower draft allowed them to sail in shallow waters or take refuge among sandbanks where a larger ship could not reach.

They were so large that anyone could participate in everyday naval duties, but in battle one gun required the service of four, or even six, people. A ship with twelve cannons on board needed seventy people just to fire, and it was also necessary to supply cannonballs and gunpowder.

The Petrozavodsk shipyard “Varyag” dates back to the 90s. Although its creator Pavel Martyukov fell ill with a love for ships in early childhood.

Pavel Martyukov. Photo: “Republic”/Nikolai Smirnov

“I started by whittling boats out of planks and floating them in puddles,” recalls the director of Varyag LLC.

After school he entered the Leningrad Shipbuilding Institute named after Lenin. After graduation, he returned to Petrozavodsk, worked at the Avangard plant for five years, and gained experience. And in 1989, he turned to free work: he started building wooden ships. In 1992 he created his own company.

“At that time it was pure romance, and the last thing I thought about was earning money. And even now, in general, I don’t really think about it. For me, the main thing is to do what I love. That is, this is a disease that will probably never go away.

There are many former Avangard employees at the shipyard. Photo: Respublika/Nikolai Smirnov

The unique production quickly found its niche. And even in the harsh 90s we managed to keep the shipyard afloat.

— At first there was nothing: no permanent crew, no tools, no materials, no own space. There were also difficult times. In 1998, we made stairs for cottages and window blocks. But the company and people were saved. Only in 1999 did we finally manage to buy out part of the Petrozavodsk shipyard workshop.

“The first ship that we built ourselves was the schooner “St. Peter,” says Pavel. — This is a ship in the style of Peter’s sailing ships. We built it by order of a St. Petersburg company, and the captain on it was Vladimir Martus. Now he sails on the famous St. Petersburg frigate “Standart”.

The captain sailed the St. Peter around the Baltic for several years, and then sold it to the British, who transferred her to the Caribbean. Now the ship carries tourists to the Antilles.

“This ship managed to star in Pirates of the Caribbean, but, admittedly, in a supporting role, but I saw it in almost every film,” says the shipyard owner, not without pride.

Pavel tries to track the fate of each of his “brainchildren”.

Thus, a replica of the first battleship of the Russian fleet, commissioned by the administration of the Voronezh region, took three years to build.

“It was a large-scale and interesting project - a ship 40 meters long and with a displacement of 300 tons. Now it is used as a floating museum in Voronezh. Locals put it up for competition as a symbol of the city on the hundred-ruble note.

The Varyag shipyard in Petrozavodsk builds different ships: from small boats and cutters to large copies of historical ships, costing from 260 thousand to several tens of millions of rubles (it all depends on the needs and capabilities of the customer). The company employs up to 35 people, the average salary is 25 thousand. Customers include individuals, government agencies, and commercial firms from Russia, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Lithuania, and Latvia. Ships made by Petrozavodsk craftsmen sail in Portugal, Spain, Italy, the Canary Islands, and England.

— This year we sent 13 boats to the Far East, the customer was the Nevelskoy Maritime State University and the Ocean children's center. Last year, we built the research vessel “Professor Senkevich” for Moscow State University to conduct research in the White Sea,” said Pavel.

Another large interesting order was in 1997. They built ships for the filming of the English series “Hornblower” based on Forester’s novel, the plot of which was dedicated to the war at sea during the time of Napoleon.

— We built 11 models of ships of the late 18th - early 19th centuries from 5 to 11 meters in length and boats of various types.

In 2007, a large model of the barque Kruzenshtern was created for the Vertical film studio. He starred in the film “Passenger” by Stanislav Govorukhin.

In the summer of 2016, in record time, the Varyag shipyard built a replica of the double boat "Yakutsk" for the filming of the historical film "Constellation of the Seas." In the mid-18th century, a similar ship participated in the expedition of Vitus Bering and explored the Arctic Ocean. After filming, this ship will be used as a training vessel in Yakutia.

Sea trials have shown that the seaworthiness of this vessel is excellent: smooth rolling, good speed, under sail it goes even faster than under the engine. Photo: “Republic”/Nikolai Smirnov

— The uniqueness of this story is that on such a relatively small ship with a crew of 54 people, a fragile woman, the wife of the ship’s captain Vasily Pronchishchev, went along with the stern men. The couple died on this expedition, their grave on the coast of the Arctic Ocean is still preserved, said the head of the shipyard.

Pavel Martyukov showed us the new ship:

— We have almost no ordinary ships. “They are all unique,” ​​the shipbuilder believes. — Nowadays, it is practically impossible to build wooden ships in series. Therefore, we build any orders, this is our strong point.

The boat of the Askold-18 project is designed for recreation on the water. But it is stylized as tugboats, its main “zest” is its all-wood construction using materials such as oak, teak, mahogany and hull architecture. Photo: “Republic”/Nikolai Smirnov

The ship begins with an idea: details can be discussed with the client for a very long time in order to understand what he wants to get in the end. Next, the technical specifications are developed: the dimensions of the vessel, its design and equipment are determined. The next stage is design, and then construction. The shipyard produces turnkey ships, starting from the hull and ending with the internal equipment.

— Considering that the company is small, everyone has a lot of responsibilities. Employees who build ships are usually generalists. They can work with both wood and metal. We are our own designers and suppliers; we have to combine many responsibilities.

“You have to have time to do everything at once.” And knowledge must be replenished all the time. So I can’t do this eight hours a day, I do it all the time.

For almost 20 years, the work has been fine-tuned to the smallest detail: there is a base of reliable suppliers, and word of mouth spreads the fame of exclusive production. Therefore, it is difficult for Pavel to answer the question about business problems.

— Taxes must be paid, we pay regularly and accurately. If the enterprise operates normally and stably, then now you can work, you can live. We most likely do not need any special support. We have contacts both in the city administration and in the government. They know about us; we regularly have guests from the republic who watch with interest the construction of wooden ships. But we have a problem that the shipyard does not have access to the water. We are trying to solve it. We hope that the republican authorities will help us here. We need an extension wall. Any shipbuilding enterprise has a so-called finishing quay, that is, a pier at which ships are completed. Here there are certain difficulties.

Both sons of Pavel followed in their father's footsteps. The eldest, Peter, is already working at the shipyard and learning from experience.

— My father is from the Tetemsky district of the Vologda region. Recruits for the fleet used to be recruited in Totma; Totma merchants reached Russian America. I recently discovered a list of the crew of the sloop Nadezhda, which participated in the first Russian round-the-world expedition under the command of Krusernshtern and Lisyansky. The Nadezhda crew includes a sailor named Martyukov. I don’t presume to say that this is my ancestor, but who knows,” the shipbuilder laughs.

For twelve years now, millions of viewers around the world have been watching with pleasure the extraordinary adventures of the captain of the pirate ship Black Pearl, Jack Sparrow.
The “fathers” of Jack and his sailboat can rightfully be considered Hollywood screenwriters Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio, who were impressed by the attraction at Disneyland - the Pirates of the Caribbean theme park, as well as the director of the first film in the franchise (2003) - Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Sea. pearls" (Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of The Black Pearl), Mount Verbinski.

The Caribbean pirates and their ship, immediately beloved by the audience, became participants in many computer games and literary projects.
In 2011, as part of the so-called “inter-author cycle,” the novel “Pirates of the Caribbean: The Price of Freedom” by American science fiction writer Anne Carol Crispin was published, which describes 14 years preceding the events of the first film about "The Black Pearl" and Jack Sparrow.
Well-known companies specializing in the production of assembly kits (Artesania Latina, STAR), meeting the wishes of modellers, developed and released for sale a model of the “Black Pearl” in wood and plastic. Following them, the well-known supplier of partworks, the Chinese DeAGOSTINI, released its “black pearl."
Modellers who prefer to build sailboat models “from scratch” also did not stand aside, i.e. as their own project. Some of them use drawings from the mentioned whales and partworks. But there are also those who are trying to “restore the true appearance” of the “Black Pearl”.
And here we have to deal with a lot of paradoxical deviations from historical and constructive authenticity in the guise of the legendary sailing ship.
Let's try to understand the paradoxes of The Black Pearl.
According to the plot of the film and the novel by Crispin (which many already consider to be practically a “prequel” to the story of Elliot and Rossio), the Black Pearl was originally called the Wicked Wench and belonged to the East India Company as a merchant ship. It was a three-masted galleon with a golden yellow hull and snow-white sails (the name "Wicked Wench" appears in the Pirates of the Caribbean attraction at Disneyland).
It is not known for certain when exactly the ship was built, but Lord Cutler Beckett, director of the West African Representative Office of the East India Company, received it at a very respectable age. The “Slutty Wench” was docked at Calabar (Africa, Gulf of Guinea) at that very moment when the brig Fair Wind arrived at the port under the command of Jack Sparrow.
Fair Wind also belonged to the East India Company. The ship's captain, Nathaniel Brainbridge, was killed by Esmeralda, the terror of the Caribbean and the pirate lord of the time. But Jack Sparrow, the first mate of the Fair Wind, saved the ship from falling into the hands of pirates. Cutler Beckett, having received Sparrow's report on how he saved the ship and most of its cargo from pirates, was so impressed that he offered him the captaincy of the Slutty Wench.
Captain Jack Sparrow, commanding the "Slutty Wench", carried out many contracts for the East India Company on behalf of Lord Beckett, but refused to transport slaves. The enraged Beckett, having kept Jack for a couple of months in prison, branded him as a pirate, but returned him to the "Slutty Wench" "However, Beckett later engaged Jack Sparrow's ship and sank it.
Jack made an agreement with Davy Jones that brought him and the ship back to life.
Having recruited a new crew in Tortuga and renamed the Wicked Wench Black Pearl, Jack Sparrow became the most feared pirate of the seven seas.

Three years later, during a voyage to the Island of Death - Isla de (la) Muerte, senior mate Hector Barbossa rebelled and overthrew the captain, leaving him on an unnamed island in the middle of the sea. Due to the robbery of a treasury on Isla de Muerte, the crew of the Black Pearl was cursed, which affected the ship itself: the ship's black sails became tattered, and an eerie fog began to surround the ship...

Today, there are certain difficulties with showing a real sailing ship in a movie. And, even more so, a combat sailing ship from the Middle Ages. On the fingers of one hand you can count the real historical ships that have survived to this day - the English HMS Victory, the Swedish Vasa...
In the ports of different countries you can find so-called “replicas” - active sailing ships built according to ancient drawings and models in our time: the English HMSBounty, the Dutch Batavia, the ships of Columbus, the Golden Hind ").
There are also a lot of fakes “like an old sailboat”, most often used as an attraction for tourists.

The Black Pearl is a fictional ship. The construction of a model “based on the Black Pearl” can hardly be called a “recreation of the real appearance”...unless we are talking about the film version of the ship.
But even in this case, a lot of difficulties and problems arise, because the film mostly used computer models, large-scale models of the ship and scenery of individual sections of the ships, built in pavilions and on floating platforms.

Full-scale set of the deck of the Black Pearl

Large scale model used during filming

Absence of topmasts and their rigging on the survey ship

The real ships that participated in the filming of general plans on location were modern replicas: the galleon "Sunset", which depicted both the "Pearl" and "Queen Anne's Revenge", as well as the famous HMS Bounty, to Unfortunately, he died off the coast of America during Hurricane Sandy in 2012.

"Black Pearl"

"Queen Anne's Revenge"

"Sunset"

Director Gore Verbinski describes Black Pearl as being "recently refurbished" for Pirates 2 and 3. But this is actually much more than repairs. Hollywood decorators created an original ship that can hardly be called such. This was a hull set on top of a barge that was towed out to sea for filming.

But the filmmakers wanted to have a real sailboat.
Eight months before principal photography began, production designer Rick Heinrichs was tasked with creating a new Black Pearl. To speed up construction, Heinrichs built the Black Pearl from an existing 109-foot tourist ship, the galleon Sunset; which was found in a parking lot in Bayou La Batre, Alabama. "The result was that above the waterline it was a beautiful pirate ship. Below and inside it was the Sunset... with engines, fuel and water tanks, galley and berths." "Because of the importance of the Black Pearl, we created our own mini-art department that worked only on the design of the ship," says Heinrichs. "We had contacts with some of the best writers who had worked on other ship films in the past. We also used computer graphics.
The Black Pearl was computer modeled, which allowed us to provide communication between the shipbuilders and the computer scientists to link the visual appearance of the ship with its actual implementation, without compromising its seaworthiness. Sometimes it was difficult to achieve a unified vision - to make the ship both beautiful and floatable, and accessible for filming with their specific requirements."
As for the changes to the design of the ship (in 2-3 films), Heinrichs says, "We created it on a grand scale. The Black Pearl in the first film was created according to circumstances - from what they got. They built the Ship directly on a barge and were limited the size of this barge. We had a little more freedom with that. I think Gore got what he wanted but couldn't get in the first film - a much more agile Pearl that can go faster than 1-2 knots ".
"In this film, the Black Pearl is a much sexier, tougher ship," says lead art director John Dexter, who was responsible for the ship's color scheme. "He couldn't just be black," he says. "The ship has to have life. There are some metal parts on the ship that are rusty. There certainly has to be some sea spray influence there. We started with pure black and ended up with something that was a little more interesting."
"There's a whole glossary of terms that relate to a wooden pirate ship," says Greg Callas, construction coordinator. “We had to make the winch and the wheel, the fife rail, the mizzen mast, the main mast and foremast, the rigging, all the sails.”
The visualization of the ship and special effects were carried out by Industrial Light and Magic artists under the team of John Knoll.

Attempts to unambiguously classify the "Black Pearl" and attribute it to any specific type of historical sailing ship constantly lead to a dead end. Jack Sparrow's ship resembles an English galleon, and the so-called "Dunkirk frigate", and a pinnace... and in general, God knows what!
According to the characteristics, the ship is approximately 40 meters long, 3 masts and thirty-two 18-pounder guns: 18 on the gun deck and 14 on the upper deck. There are no bow (running) or stern (retired) guns on the Zhemchuzhina.
Drawings of "Black Pearl" as such do not exist in nature, but there are several variants of models.
In principle, the profile of the ship fits well with the image of an English galleon of the first half of the 17th century.

Questions are raised, perhaps, by the shape of the latrine, characteristic of small battleships (in particular, frigates) of the late 17th - early 18th centuries and the uncharacteristic smooth transition from the transom to the stern plate (usually the lower deck crossed the transom at an obtuse angle and was supported knits - it was the base of the stern, which was rectangular in galleons) and the absence of a helm port for the passage of the rudder tiller.
Looks dubious:
- straightened sides (galleons were characterized by obstructions of the upper part of the sides inward to complicate boarding);
- velvets that follow the lines of the decks, which does not meet the design requirements of shipbuilding;
- an aft gallery raised onto the quarterdeck (usually the gallery was placed at the level of the main gun deck, where the captain’s cabin was located, and if necessary, a second gallery was located on the quarterdeck);
- absence of anchor hawse and stem design.

However, it was difficult for Hollywood craftsmen to maintain all the proportions and structural elements of the hull, having as a base a ready-made design of a tourist pleasure ship, built on the hull of a modern boat with transverse screw rudders.

Let's "walk" along the deck of the Black Pearl:

- the main thing that catches your eye is the unusually empty main deck, on which there are no rigging devices (beaters, bollards, dowel strips) or the rigging itself, most of which was carried specifically to the deck around the masts. Particularly striking is the complete absence of rigging at the foot of the main mast - the mainmast.
But we see a capstan (spire) “put on” the main mast... This is complete nonsense!

I understand that such a design allowed the directors to film several very impressive scenes, but such a spire would not have been able to work functionally. And not only because it weakens both itself and the main mast of the ship. A large spire is used for raising anchors, on each of its embankments simultaneously can work from 3 to 6 sailors (i.e. about 36 people). In addition, the spire was used for lifting yards and for loading and unloading operations. This unit, as a rule, stood closer to the mizzen mast in the quarter deck superstructure, exactly between the stairs on the poop. Moreover, the spire should be located on the deck below, i.e. on the orlop deck (main gun deck), because it is with in the bow there are anchor fairleads through which the anchor ropes pass;
- in the bow of the ship - on the beek deck (the section of the deck in front of the bow bulkhead) and the latrine - desolation! There are no head-timbers (latrine frames), no beams connecting their heads, no gratings... there are no doors from the cockpit (tank room) to the latrine. However, what are the doors for if the latrine is not equipped with latrines for sailors - Stultz...
The forecastle itself (bow setting) is too low. The estimated height between the decks of ancient sailing ships was taken to be 160-170 cm (it was believed that the sailor could not be taller). On the Black Sea, the forecastle (forecastle deck) rises above the upper deck;
- front deck at some 70-80 cm. It turns out that the cockpit on the tank of the Black Pearl is not functional - it is either too low (if the front deck does not break off at the tank bulkhead), or too high, since in this case it is located on the orlop- deke. Where the crew of the pearl sleeps on stormy nights, where the ship's galley is located, remains a mystery.

The forcastel, as well as the latrine, do not shine with the richness of the rigging. One dowel bar and dowels on the gunwales are not enough to cover the rigging of the foresail, topsail, topsail, blind and two jibs and their spars.

Finally, ut. Its main disadvantage is the presence of a steering wheel. Steering with a steering wheel appeared only at the beginning of the 18th century, and if we take the time of construction of the “Pearl” as the middle of the 17th, then the control of the ship should be lever-based - using a calderstock).

Obvious shortcomings of the cinematic pearl also include the rectangular platforms of the mars, characteristic of the 18th century.